CHAPTER 14 TEST REVIEW
ACIDS AND BASES
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True or False?
•  Basic solutions feel slippery to the touch.
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True or False?
RED
•  Litmus paper is blue in an acidic solution.
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True or False?
•  A solution with a pH of 0 is acidic.
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True or False?
BITTER
•  Bases make foods taste sour.
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True or False?
•  Distilled water has an approximate pH
7
of 0.
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True or False?
hydroxide
•  A hydronium ion is written as OH-.
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True or False?
H3O+
•  A hydronium ion is written as H+.
It can be written either way.
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True or False?
•  Acids and bases that produce few ions
WEAK
are classified as dilute.
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True or False?
•
A strong acid will completely ionize and
produce the maximum number of
hydronium ions.
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True or False?
•
The hydronium concentration for a
substance with a pH of 3 is 10-3.
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True or False?
•
The hydronium concentration for a
substance with a pH of 8 is 10-8.
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1.
conducts electricity AB
2.  tastes sour A
3.  reacts with proteins B
4. forms hydronium ion A
5.  pH greater than 7
B
6.  OH- B
7. Corrosive AB (STRONG BASES ARE CORROSIVE AS WELL)
8. feels slippery B
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9.
H3O+ A
10.  bitter taste B
11.
reacts strongly with metals A
12.
forms hydroxide ions B
13.  pH less than 7
A
14.  turns litmus red A
15.  turns litmus blue B
16.  pH is less than 7
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A
1.
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2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Lemons A
Vinegar A
soap B
Ammonia B
blood B
HCl A
Windex B
grapefruit A
H2SO4 A
NaOH B
most cleaning products B
Lye B
Wednesday, December 15, 2010 8:29:11 AM ET
Acid
H3O+
Hydronium
ion
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Base
OHHydroxide
ion
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Use p. 498 Glencoe Chemistry
CHEMICAL NAME
acetic acid
sulfuric acid
hydrochloric acid
sodium hydroxide
potassium hydroxide
ammonia
ascorbic acid
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CHEMICAL FORMULA STRONG OR
WEAK
HC2H3O2
H2SO4
HCl
NaOH
KOH
NH3
H 2C 6H 6 O 6
W
S
S
S
S
W
W
ACID OR
BASE
A
A
A
B
B
B
A
ACETIC ACID (vinegar) is an example of a weak acid.
+
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+
+
-
AMMONIA is an example of a weak base.
+
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-
+
+
SODIUM HYDROXIDE is an example of a strong base.
+
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+
-
HYDROCHLORIC ACID is an example of a strong acid.
+
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+
+
-
0
14
7
H3O+
OH-1
More acidic More basic More _hydronium
____________ ions Less hydroxide ions hydroxide ions More ______________ Less hydronium ions
1. Ammonia – 11
Vinegar – 3
Water – 7
Drain cleaner – 14
HCl – 0 or 1
Milk - 6
2. A substance with a pH of 10 is 1000 times stronger
than a substance with a pH of 7.
3. A substance with a pH of 6 is 100,000 times stronger
than a substance with a pH of 1.
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pH
H30+
OH-
Acid or Base
4
10-4
10-10
A
8
10-8
10-6
B
2
10-2
10-12
A
6
10-6
10-8
A
13
10-9
10-4
B
7
10-7
10-7
N
Wednesday, December 15, 2010 8:29:11 AM ET
Vocabulary
•  Acid - forms H3O+ ions in water
•  Base - forms OH- ions in water
•  pH - a scale that measures how acidic or basic
a substance is
•  Indicators - substances that change color in
acids or bases
•  Neutralization - adding acids and bases to get a
pH of 7
•  Ionization - how many ions an acid or base forms in
water
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Vocabulary
Complete ionization (Strong acid or base)
Incomplete ionization (Weak acid or base)
•  Hydronium ion - H3O+
•  Hydroxide ion - OH•  Weak acid - pH of 6-3
•  Strong Acid - pH of 2-0
•  Weak base - pH of 8-11
•  Strong Base - pH of 12-14
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