TATA STEEL LIMITED August, 2012 Investor Presentation Agenda Overview of Tata Steel Group Performance of Indian & South East Asian Operations Performance of European Operations Group Strategy Group Financial Performance Business Outlook 2 Tata Group - “Leadership with Trust” Leading Conglomerate with an Established Global Presence ENGINEERING MATERIALS ENERGY CHEMICALS CONSUMER PRODUCTS SERVICES COMMUNICATION AND INFO SYSTEMS One of the world’s largest steel companies globally with 27.2 mtpa of steel production capacity Principally engaged in providing information technology (IT) and IT enabled services Engaged in generation, transmission and distribution of electrical energy and manufacture of electronic equipment Substantial presence in India and also owns Jaguar and Land Rover premium passenger vehicles brands Largest automobile manufacturer by revenue in India GROUP STRUCTURE ACTIVITY Shareholding in Major Operating Companies Investment activity to facilitate realization of Operating Companies’ PROMOTER COMPANIES Tata Sons Set up in 1868 by Mr. Jamsetji Tata, Tata Sons is a privately held holding company for all key companies of the Tata Group Tata Sons is majority owned by philanthropic trusts endowed by members of the founder family OWNERSHIP 66% Indian Trusts 13% Tata Group Companies 18% Other Corporate Shareholders 3% Individuals strategic objectives Promotes Group entry into New Businesses Tata Industries Setup in 1945 as a managing agency for businesses promoted by Tata Sons 49% Tata Sons 51% Other Tata Group Companies In the early 1980s, Tata Industries’ mandate was recast 1 As of Nov 3, 2010 to promote the Group's entry into new and high-tech areas 3 Tata Steel Group: Diversified global steel producer The world’s top 12th steel company and the world’s 2nd most geographically diversified steel producer Crude steel capacity of 27 MT A balance global presence in over 50 markets and manufacturing operations (incl. downstream) in 26 countries Scandinavia Western Europe NML, Canada (iron ore) CIS CEE China Turkey North America Western Africa Japan Orissa India An employee strength over 81,000 across 5 continents SE Asia Latin America Ivory Coast (iron ore) Oman (limestone) Mozambique South Africa (coal) Australia (coal) Group Turnover *:US$ 26.13 bn Group EBITDA*: US$ 2.66 bn Group Profit After Tax*: US$ 1.01 bn Steel making operations Distribution and Commercial Centres including downstream assets Mining assets & projects * Figures for FY’12 where 1 USD = 50.87 INR Uniquely positioned steel maker with presence in developed and developing markets 4 Tata Steel Group: Global production hubs & diverse product mix India One production hub Capacity: 6.8 mtpa Distribution centres UK Two production hubs Capacity: 10.7 mtpa Distribution centres Netherlands One production hub Capacity: 7.2 mtpa Distribution centres One production hub Capacity: 0.7mtpa 2 mtpa finishing capacity in 7 countries Distribution centres Three production hubs Capacity: 1.2 mt (finishing capacity 1.7mtpa) Distribution centres Distribution centres Distribution centres Singapore and South-East Asia Thailand Construction Flooring Automotive Packaging Tyre Cord Personal Care Roofing Body and Closures Drink Walls Forming Seats EU (ex UK) Structural US Steel Tubes for Frames Industrial and Paint Thrust on High–End Value Added Steel 5 10.00 0.00 2,000 10,000 Group Financial Highlights Financial Year Ended 31st March’12 Deliveries 26125 24.22 24.50 23344 Q4 6683 Q3 6507 5631 Q2 6447 5346 Q1 6487 Q4 6.65 Q4 6.22 Q4 6649 Q3 5.90 Q3 5.84 Q3 5718 Q2 6.06 Q2 6.12 Q2 Q1 5.90 Q1 6.05 Q1 FY11 FY12 EBITDA# FY11 683 Q2 848 Q1 894 FY11 US$ mn 1766 2660 940 Q3 FY12 PAT* US$ mn 3365 Q4 US$ mn Turnover Mn T Q4 672 Q3 398 586 Q2 Q1 1005 FY12 Q4 821 Q3 Q2 197 389 Q1 359 FY11 Q4 Q2 1060 85 42 Q1 1,051 Q3 (118) FY12 Recommended Dividend for FY12 – Rs.12 per share 6 Conversion Rate INR/USD – 50.87; #EBITDA excludes one-off gains from sale of investments; * PAT after Minority Interest and Share of Associates Agenda Overview of Tata Steel Group Performance of Indian & South East Asian Operations Performance of European Operations Group Strategy Group Financial Performance Business Outlook 7 Performance of Tata Steel India First Quarter Ended 30th June, 2012 Deliveries (MT) Production (MT) 1.77 1.77 1.75 Q1 FY12 Q4 FY12 1.74 1.59 Q1 FY13 Q1 FY12 Turnover (US$ Mn) 1,704 1,413 Q1 FY12 1.59 Q4 FY12 Q1 FY13 EBITDA (US$ Mn) 1,601 567 535 502 Q4 FY12 Q1 FY13 Q1 FY12 Q4 FY12 Q1 FY13 8 Conversion Rate USDINR – 55.625 Performance of Tata Steel India Longs, Flats and FAMD Flat Products Long Products 999 690 769 712 896 882 737 635 Q1 FY12 693 Q4 FY12 Long Products sales (in kt) Q1 FY13 712 Q1 FY12 Q4 FY12 Flat Products sales (in kt) Net Realizations (in US$/tonne) 726 697 Q1 FY13 Net realizations (in US$/tonne) Ferro Alloys and Mineral Division (FAMD) Energy outage affected production resulting in lower Flat and Long Products deliveries in Q1FY’13 1400 1200 1,138 led to higher export realisation in FAMD 50 1000 800 34 400 40 27 30 23 600 Improved demand and depreciating rupee 1,095 60 1,198 306 426 20 311 10 200 0 0 Q1 FY12 Q4 FY12 Q1 FY13 FAMD Deliveries ('000 t) FeCr NR (US$ /t) FAMD Operating Profit ( US$ Mn) - rhs Conversion Rate USDINR – 55.625 9 Tata Steel India: Business Overview PROFIT CENTRE Products UPSTREAM UPSTREAM FP DOWNSTREAM LP DOWNSTREAM LP & FP DOWNSTREAM FLATS LONGS TUBES WIRES AGRICO Conveyance, Structual (Hollow sections) & Precision Tubes, Tyre Bead, Spring Steel, LRPC Strand, GI, ACSR, MS & Binding wire Traditional & Mechanized Agri Implements, Hand Tools/Files Hot Rolled , Cold Rolled & Coated Re-bars & Wire Rods Turnover (Billion $) 3.5 2.07 0.42 0.30 0.04 Sales (MTPA) (Mn No*) 3.74 2.9 0.37 0.28 12* Dom. Sales (%) 96% 95% 100% 96% 90 % 29% 4 Brands 32% 3 Brands 65% 3 Brands 45% 1 Brand 90% 1 Brands Branded play(%) Brands TSL Subsidiaries for downstream products : - TCIL: Tinplate; TBSL: Colour coated; TSPDL: Service Centers 10 Performance of South East Asia First Quarter Ended 30th June, 2012 Production (MT) Deliveries (MT) 0.78 0.74 0.69 0.73 0.72 Q4 FY12 Q1 FY13 0.63 Q1 FY12 Q4 FY12 Q1 FY13 Q1 FY12 Turnover (US$ Mn) EBITDA (US$ Mn) 19 599 606 16 Q1 FY13 Q1 FY12 17 567 Q1 FY12 Q4 FY12 Q4 FY12 Q1 FY13 11 Conversion Rate USDINR – 55.625 South-East Asia Update NatSteel Holdings Upgradation of melt shop shaft furnace and bar mill line to result in both productivity enhancement and power cost savings Strengthening the downstream reinforcement business by increasing its volumes in value added products from the current 65% to 80% of overall sales. Initiatives taken to cut costs, improve manpower productivity and identify alternate sources of input feed Increase in production capacity in Vietnam from 120 ktpa to 200 ktpa Tata Steel Thailand Project initiated to improve the reliability in domestic scrap collection and optimization of blending in various grades to help in reducing the total billet cost New product development - introduced special bar quality products and high end wire rods in the Thailand market Introduced “TISCON” brand internationally Production planning model implemented to enhance contribution by adjusting the product mix and optimizing productivity 12 Agenda Overview of Tata Steel Group Performance of Indian & South East Asian Operations Performance of European Operations Group Strategy Group Financial Performance Business Outlook 13 Performance of Tata Steel Europe First Quarter Ended 30th June, 2012 Production (MT) 3.81 3.30 Q1 FY12 Q4 FY12 Deliveries (MT) 3.55 3.55 Q1 FY12 Q4 FY12 3.53 Q1 FY13 Turnover (US$ Mn) 3,692 3,582 3.21 Q1 FY13 EBITDA (US$ Mn) 3,669 343 111 26 Q1 FY12 Q4 FY12 Q1 FY13 Q1 FY12 Q4 FY12 Q1 FY13 14 Conversion Rate USDINR – 55.625 Tata Steel Europe Challenges Faced in FY12 Market Continuing Eurozone crisis deflated European steel demand after recovery in Jan - June Limited restocking on concerns about spot pricing Operational performance Cost / Price Squeeze Operational Performance below plan Production issues primarily at Strip Products UK blast furnaces Raw material cost / price squeeze got to extreme heights in Q3 FY12 15 Tata Steel Europe – Comprehensive Strategy Investments to improve product mix and service offering: • BF 4 rebuild at Port Talbot Rail: 108m Rail Hayange Aerospace: vacuum arc remelting furnaces and specialist testing equipment Automotive: new tubes manufacturing and processing facility & new zincpot for Magizinc Automotive Achievements: Energy & Power: Major contract (> £100 million) to provide pipe for gas pipeline 48000 tonnes of steel pipe for an oil pipeline in the Gulf of Mexico. 25000 tonnes supply of profiled plate for Siemens Wind Power Lifting & Excavating: JCB award for Supplier Performance Award 2012 • Opening of Thermal Technology Centre • Reinvigorisation of the process for New Products Development • Automotive: new press-hardened zinc-coated boron steel sheet, called ZnX® • Aerospace: Laboratory approval(GE-S-400) from leading aircraft engine manufacturer General Electric (GE) Aviation • Supply Chain Transformation • Upgrade hot strip mill IJmuiden • Dalzell heavy plate press • Mid campaign repair BF 5 furnace during March / April ensuring readiness for short term one furnace operation in 2012 To be the long term preferred partner in our chosen markets by unlocking the potential of steel • Optimisation programme IJmuiden:Quality – Reliability – Cost • Upgraded PL22 restart Restructuring Long Products Optimise footprint in Europe: • Construction Products closure in Q2 • Llanwern Hot Mill mothball in Q3 • Tubes reorganisation in Q4 • Kalzip restructure in Q4 • Tata Steel International restructuring in Q4 Investments: Dust filter IJmuiden Tata Kids of Steel Tata Steel Academy Tata Steel Europe - Blast Furnace Rebuild at Port Talbot Campaign life of at least 20 years, taking best available technology from within the group and from leading international technology suppliers An additional 500kt productivity to 2.5mtpa, with increased inner volume and hearth diameter, and productivity index among the best in Europe New centralised electrical control system, to replace all obsolete equipment New gas cleaning plant, incorporating a cyclone to improve primary dust collection and containment New hot-blast stoves to further improve productivity (and reduce emissions) Variable speed drives to reduce energy usage The project addresses many of the key areas identified by the Environment Agency as sources of particulates around the site 17 Tata Steel Europe - Margin Improvement Focus on Change in Product Mix Towards Higher Margin Products Sales volume (mt) +36% 17.0 12.5 Differentiated Commodity Colorcoat HPS200 Ultra® Prepainted steel for building Cladding Global brand leader. Bi-steel defence and security system welded plate composite for blast protections Slimdek construction flooring system steel/concrete composite MagiZinc zinc/magnesium coating for enhanced corrosion protection in buildings and automotives Speciality Steels for Aerospace undercarriages, engines Celsius® Tubes unique product range for flagship buildings e.g. stadia 2009/1 2015/1 0 6 TSE can leverage on its leading market position in downstream products: The leading supplier for tube products in Europe Packaging: #1 in UK, #2 in Europe Colors: #1 in UK and Europe Plated Steel for Battery: #1 Globally Automotive Products TSE recently launched a new automotive product (CP800) in Oct 2011. TSE has been awarded for supply of CP800 for the new Mercedes S class Tata Steel Europe – An Update • Selling price recovery not sustained in the latter part of Q1 FY13, reflecting Cost-Price Squeeze confidence concerns caused by European sovereign debt crisis • Positive cost/price impact leading to increased EBITDA between Q4 FY12 and Q1FY13 • Operational stability supported by £185 mn investment in BF4 rebuild at Port Operational Stability Talbot • Rebuild will improve the balance of iron and steel making capacities • Project is making good progress with completion expected in Q3 FY13 • Upgrade of coilers at hot strip mill in IJmuiden allowing development of heavier gauge strip products Capex and Restructuring • €12m investment in Rail France to produce longer premium rails • Investment in IJmuiden to focus on MagiZinc® Auto coated steel for the automotive industry • Agreement to sell 50% stake in joint venture HKS Scrap Metals Co – a noncore asset 19 Pensions Management – European Operations Figures in £ mn Total Scheme Retirement Benefit Assets Total Scheme Retirement Benefit Liabilities Jun-11 Mar-12 Jun-12 16,401 17,166 16,891 (16,051) (16,955) (16,853) 350 211 38 Net Pension Surplus (BSPS &SPH) £ mn Pension Asset Composition – BSPS 100% 2% 2% 2% 30% 32% 32% 33% 32% 33% 7% 7% 7% 28% 26% 26% Triennial Valuations: Negotiations Ongoing 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% Jun-11 Equity Securities Mar-12 Real estate/property Jun-12 Corporate bonds Gilts Cash 20 Agenda Overview of Tata Steel Group Performance of Indian & South East Asian Operations Performance of European Operations Group Strategy Group Financial Performance Business Outlook 21 Securing competitive advantage through our long term strategy Indian growth story Unique steel operation: Presence in both developed and developing markets Raw material investment Value addition through downstream push Control over logistics Enhance competitiveness through continuous improvement 22 3 MTPA Expansion at Jamshedpur Pellet Plant The project is being set up for commercial production – Ramp up in progress Trial production started in Noamundi mines and integrated trials completed in Joda Production started in Oxygen plant Coke Oven Battery# 10 expected to be ready by end FY13 TSCR TSCR Additional HRC production in FY13– 1 mtpa and full ramp up in FY 14 2 mtpa of HRC will be used for our downstream businesses on achievement of full capacity 23 Greenfield Expansion at Odisha Steel Production Process BF – BOF – HSM – CRM To be implemented in two modules Module I - 3 Mtpa capacity by 2014 Module II - 3 Mtpa capacity by 2016 (i.e. 18-24 months from commissioning of Module 1) Estimated Project Cost: Around INR 345 bn Resettlement & Rehabilitation All land required for setting up the plant has been acquired Clearances & Approvals – Already Obtained State Pollution Control Board, Odisha Ministry of Environment & Forests Water Drawal and Right of Way Construction Power from State Grid Railway Corridor and Siding Orders Placed for equipments in excess of INR140 bn Expenditure by Tata Steel Limited up to Mar 2012 was INR 37 bn Overall project Debt: Equity targeted at 65:35 Financial Closure targeted by H1 FY 13 24 Raw Material Security Australia Mozambique Canada South Africa Ivory Coast JV CDJV (Carborough Downs Joint Venture) Rio Tinto Benga (Mauritius) Limited (RTBML) DSO Project IDC & BEE TSCI JV Partner JFE (5%), Posco(5%) and Vale (85%) Rio Mauritius Ltd. New Millennium IDC (10%), BEE (26%) Sodemi (15%); Government 10% Tata Steel stake 5% 35% 27.1% 64% 75% Off-take contract Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Product Coal Coal Iron ore Iron-ore Iron ore Quantity as per Off-take 20% 40% 100% 74% 100% Rated Capacity/ Production start 1.8mtpa/ Existing 5.3mtpa going up to 10.6 mtpa/ Q1 FY2013 6mtpa/ Q4 FY 2013 2 mtpa/ 2012 Feasibility to be completed by FY2013 Location 25 Strategic Value Add : Downstream businesses in India Tata Steel Processing & Distribution Ltd (100%) Value added services like slitting, cut to length, pickling, roll forming, rebar processing etc. 5 processing units and 15 sales locations across India with a processing capacity of 2.5 mtpa Roll Forming and Stretch Bending to make high precision automotive components for auto majors High-end plate fabrication for major equipment manufacturers including Caterpillar and JBP Group Tata Bluescope A 50:50 JV with Bluescope Steel – manufacturing building products & solutions from metal & color coated steel 3 facilities with a total capacity of 136 ktpa to cater to the Indian construction industry Presently implementing a greenfield project for metal coating (250 ktpa) and color coating (150 ktpa) facilities at Jamshedpur, to be operational in 2011 Tinplate Company Largest Indian producer of tin coated and tin free steel sheets with 35-40% market share Makes various grades of electrolytic tinplates, tin-free steel sheets and Full Hard Cold Rolled Sheets used for metal packaging Expansion of cold rolling capacity is expected to be completed in 2011 (total capacity of the plant to reach 379 ktpa) Wires Division Steelworks facility in Tarapur and wire drawing plants at Indore and Bengaluru Products include springs, pre-stressed concrete and conductors Customers include the construction and automotive segments 26 Control over logistics Tata NYK Shipping A 50:50 JV between Tata Steel and Nippon Yusen Kabushiki Kaisha (“NYK Line”), Japan, currently operating 12 chartered and 2 owned vessels Focused on shipping dry bulk and break bulk cargo Dhamra Port Company Ltd (DPCL) a 50:50 JV with L&T Dhamra Port One of the deepest ports in India with a draft of 18 metres, capable of accommodating capesize vessels up to 1,80,000 DWT Phase-I of the project is complete and the commercial operations started in May–11 The capacity is estimated to be 27 mtpa in Phase-I with two fully mechanised berths TM Intl Logistics(51%) Partnership between Tata Steel, NYK and Martrade Engaged in the business of port and terminal handling, maritime shipping, ship agency, custom clearance and freight forwarding 27 Continuous Improvements Figures in US$ Mn Savings on Improvement Initiatives Initiative Wise Break Up (FY2012) Incremental Break Up (FY2013) 5 400 73% 10 362 60 123 48 300 200 100 209 46 3 186 314 19 163 0 FY11 Cost savings 21 152 FY12 Value addition DMAIC/SIP Marketing Initiative Synergy 29 TOC KVHS DMAIC/ SIP TOC Marketing Initiative KVHS Synergy US$ 362 mn US$ 245 mn Improvement Initiatives – Examples: Flat Products: Increase in slab thickness & casting speed at LD2 and reduction in scrap, lime and refractory consumption Long Products: Increase in billet production at New Bar Mill and retail initiatives for mix enrichment Coke, Sinter & Iron: Increase in the height of the coal cake by 50mm at Haldia Met Coke Raw Materials: Use of low quality domestic coal at Jharia to substitute imported hard coking coal Shared Services: Reduction in maintenance outages at HSM generated significant savings 28 Agenda Overview of Tata Steel Group Performance of Indian & South East Asian Operations Performance of European Operations Group Strategy Group Financial Performance Business Outlook 29 Group Financial Performance – FY’12 Figures in US$ Mn unless specified FY12 Tata Steel India Deliveries (Mn T) Tata Steel Europe FY11 SE Asia Tata Steel Group (*) Tata Steel Group (*) 6.63 14.02 2.95 24.22 24.50 Turnover 6,671 16,150 2,498 26,125 23,344 EBITDA 2,272 349 42 2,660 3,365 EBITDA Margin (%) 34% 2% 2% 10% 14% EBITDA/tonne (US$) 343 25 14 110 137 FY12 FY11 Profit Before Tax 1,688 2,379 Profit After Tax & Minority Interest 1,060 1,766 (*) Includes other JVs, Subsidiaries & share of profit of Associates of the Tata Steel Group ; Conversion Rate USDINR – 50.87 30 Group Financial Performance – Q1 FY13 Figures in US $ Mn unless specified Q1 FY13 Tata Steel India Deliveries (MnT) Tata Steel Europe Q1 FY12 SE Asia Tata Steel Group (*) Tata Steel Group (*) 1.59 3.21 0.72 5.68 6.05 1,601 3,669 606 6,080 5,933 502 111 17 644 912 EBITDA Margin (%) 31% 3% 3% 11% 15% EBITDA/tonne (US$) 316 35 24 113 151 Turnover EBITDA Q1 FY13 Q1 FY12 Profit Before Tax 255 1,154 Profit After Tax & Minority Interest 107 961# (*) Includes other JVs, Subsidiaries & share of profit of Associates of the Tata Steel Group # Profit After Tax in Q1 FY’12 included profit of US$604 mn on sale of shares in Riverdale mining & TRL 31 Conversion Rate USDINR – 55.625 Net Debt Movement and Liquidity Position Net debt movement (US$ mn) 1508 482 US$ mn 11734 10768 (1024) 9711 (2023) Gross Debts Loans takenLoans repaid Mar-12 Reval. Impact Gross Debts Cash & Cash June-12 Eq June 12 9303 (408) Net Debts June-12 Forward Covers Underlying Net Debt June 12 Liquidity position (US$ mn) Capex incurred in Q1 FY13: 1481 Total Liquidity 2023 US$641mn US$3,504 mn Cash and Cash Equivalents Conversion Rate USDINR – 55.625 Undrawn Lines 32 Tata Steel Group - Financial Flexibility Monetisation of assets, highly valued portfolio of investments, strong promoter support and healthy cash balances plus undrawn bank lines Demonstrated monetisation of assets Divestments since 2010 Highly valued portfolio of group investments Time Amount in US$ mn SSB Jul 2010 72 Teesside Sale Mar 2011 700 Tata Motors 836.4 5.63 34.81 Tata Refractories Apr 2011 129 354.6 8.74 53.05 Group Holdings Partly done 345 Titan Industries Jun 2011 1,100 Tata Power Co. 35.0 0.73 31.75 TCS Limited 0.6 Riversdale Total 2,346 Others: A commercial settlement to all disputes relating to the TCP off-take agreements was reached in June 2011, and TSE received an aggregate sum of US$ 130mn Company MV of holding Co. Holding Promoter (US$ mn) (%) Holding (%) Total 73.98 1226.5 •Market value as on March 31, 2012 Strong Promoter Support (INR bn) 17 11 10 11 5 5 7 FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 33 Right Issue Inter-se Transfer CCPS Preferential Allotment of Shares and Warrants Conversion of Warrants Key Corporate Developments On 31st May’11, Tata Steel completed the transfer of a 50.84% equity stake in Tata Refractories Limited (of its 77.46% stake) to Krosaki Harima Corporation (KHC) of Japan and received sale proceeds of Rs.576 crores (US$129 million) Tata Steel accepted an offer from Rio Tinto to sell the Company’s entire 26.27% stake in Riversdale Mining Limited (RML) for A$16.50 per share for a consideration of Rs.4,942 crores (US$1,106 million) Tata Steel has formed a joint venture with Nippon Steel Corporation (NSC) for a 600kT per annum continuous annealing & processing line (CAPL) project to be commissioned at Jamshedpur Tata BlueScope Steel Limited, a joint venture between Tata Steel and BlueScope Steel, started its coated steel manufacturing facility at Bara, Jamshedpur with an annual metallic coating capacity of 250,000 tonne (including pre-painting capacity of 150,000 tonnes) 34 Financing Developments In FY’12 US$200 million of a US$500 million JPY ECB Loan facility was prepaid in March 2012 On 20th January’12, Tata Sons exercised the option to convert 12 million warrants into ordinary shares of the Company at a price of Rs. 594/- per share, which is at a premium of Rs. 584/- per share Prepaid Rs.1500 crores of syndicated rupee term loan facilities raised for the 2.9 mtpa expansion Unsecured rupee term loan facility of Rs.2000 crores having 5-year tenor tied in March’12, and Rs.500 crores was drawn down Prepayment of Rs.1,000 crores of rupee term loan in September 2011 In May 2011, Company successfully launched the second tranche of its first ever offering of Corporate Hybrid Perpetual Securities through an issue of Rs.775 crores In Q1 FY’13 In April 2012, low coupon Non-Convertible Debentures for a tenor of 10 years worth Rs.1,500 crores were issued on a private placement basis 35 Agenda Overview of Tata Steel Group Performance of Indian & South East Asian Operations Performance of European Operations Group Strategy Group Financial Performance Business Outlook 36 Business Outlook Global steel capacity utilisation remains around 80%, implying significant overcapacity and downward pressure on steel prices Raw material prices are falling sharply – should help non-integrated steel manufacturers Steelmakers are attempting price increases, however falling raw material prices may drag steel prices further Chinese steel exports are on the rise as domestic demand falters India’s domestic steel demand outlook remains soft however supply issues (mostly with secondary manufacturers) have balanced the situation. Consumption has increased at a healthy rate in the first quarter of the year Sovereign debt issues and austerity measures in the Eurozone are hurting consumer sentiment and steel demand 37 Thank You 38