Matter – Anything that has mass and
occupies space.
Chemistry is the study of the
properties of matter and how matter
changes
Properties of matter: ways to
describe matter
ex: color, texture, flammability,
magnetic, etc.
Every form of matter has 2 kinds of
properties
physical properties
chemical properties
Physical property: a characteristic of a
pure substance that can be observed
without changing it into another substance.
Ex: H2O freezes at 0oC
More ex: density, hardness, texture, color, if
the substance dissolves in H2O, flexibility,
heat conduction, and more!
Chemical Property: A characteristic of a
pure substance that describes its ability to
change into a different substance.
Ex.: Flammability ~ When methane burns it
combines with oxygen and forms carbon
dioxide and water.
Element: A pure substance that cannot
be broken down into other substances by
chemical or physical means.
Atom: The basic particle from which all
elements are made.
Molecule: A particle made of 2 or more
atoms held together by chemical bonds
Compound: A pure substance made of 2
or more elements chemically bonded.
Ex.: CO2 ~ Carbon dioxide
H2O ~ water
C12H22O11 ~ table sugar
Each of these compounds has different
properties than the individual elements that
make it.
Mixtures: 2 or more substances that are
mixed together but not chemically
combined.
Ex.: soil
sugar dissolved in water
air (oxygen, nitrogen, & other gases)
brass (copper & zinc)