Tuesday, Oct 8: 22.4-22.5 Notes/ 22.4-22.5 Study
Guide WS
Biology – Sec. 22.4 & 22.5 Outline
Name: _________________________________ Date:
____________________ Pd: ____
Sec. 22.4 KEY CONCEPTS
Plants can produce genetic clones of themselves through
asexual reproduction.
 Plants can reproduce asexually with stems, leaves,
or roots.
•
•
___________ reproduction allows a plant to make
copies of itself.
_______________ is one type of asexual
reproduction.
–
–
•
plants grow a new individual from ____________
of parent
occurs when piece of a _______, ______, or
______ falls off parent plant
_______________ reproduction is another type of
asexual reproduction.
–
–
stems, leaves, or roots attached to _________
plant produce new individuals
specific adaptations include ________,
__________, and ________
 Humans can produce plants with desirable traits
using vegetative structures.
•
Vegetative _______________ takes advantage of
plants’ ability to reproduce asexually.
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Holt McDougal Biology
Study Guide A
1
Plant Growth, Reproduction, and Response
Section 4: Asexual Reproduction
•
Humans use one plant with desirable ________ to
produce many individuals.
–
–
cutting of _________ or _______ may grow new
roots
__________ joins the parts of two plants together
to form a hybrid plant
Sec. 22.5 KEY CONCEPTS
Plant hormones guide plant growth and development.
 Plant hormones regulate plant functions.
•
•
•
•
____________ are chemical messengers.
–
–
produced in one part of an organism
____________ or _____________ activity in
another part
Gibberellins are plant hormones that produce dramatic
increases in _______.
–
–
–
ending seed ____________
rapid _________ of young seedlings
rapid growth of some flower __________
Ethylene causes the ____________ of fruits.
–
–
some fruits picked __________ they are ripe
__________ with ethylene to ripen when reach
destination
Cytokinins stimulate ______________.
–
–
–
_______ stage in cell division
produced in growing roots, seeds, and fruits
involved in growth of ________ branches
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Holt McDougal Biology
Study Guide A
2
Plant Growth, Reproduction, and Response
Section 4: Asexual Reproduction
•
•
Auxins lengthen plant cells in the ____________
_____.
–
–
stimulates growth of ____________ stem
controls some forms of _________
A tropism is the movement of plant in response to an
environmental ___________.
 Plants can respond to light, touch, gravity, and
seasonal changes.
•
•
Phototropism is the tendency of a plant to grow toward
_______.
–
–
–
causes stem to ________ toward light
____________ plants and vines
plants that grow in direction of constant _______
Gravitropism is a plant’s response to Earth’s
____________ pull.
–
–
•
cells on __________ side lengthen
Thigmotropism is a plant’s response to ___________
stimuli.
–
–
•
_________ build up on shaded side of stem
__________ gravitropism is downward growth
(roots)
_________ gravitropism is upward growth
(shoots)
Some plants have rapid ___________ not involving
growth.
–
Some responses _________ plants from
predators.
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Holt McDougal Biology
Study Guide A
3
Plant Growth, Reproduction, and Response
Section 4: Asexual Reproduction
•
–
Some responses allow plants to _________ food.
Photoperiodism is a response to the changing
_________ of _____ and __________
–
–
triggers some plants to ___________
triggers fall ________/winter ____________ of
deciduous trees
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Holt McDougal Biology
Study Guide A
4
Plant Growth, Reproduction, and Response
Section 4: Asexual Reproduction
Section 22.4: Asexual Reproduction
Study Guide
KEY CONCEPT
Plants can produce genetic clones of themselves through asexual reproduction.
VOCABULARY
regeneration
vegetative reproduction
MAIN IDEA: Plants can reproduce asexually with stems, leaves, or roots.
Fill in the blank with the word that best completes the sentence.
1. In _________ reproduction, a plant produces a genetic copy of itself.
2. In _________ reproduction, genetic diversity allows plant populations to adapt
to changing conditions.
3. Two types of asexual reproduction are ____________ and ____________
____________.
4. A cactus pad that falls to the ground and grows into a new cactus plant is an
example of _____________.
5. A tree that grows from the root of its parent tree is an example of
___________________.
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Holt McDougal Biology
Study Guide A
5
Plant Growth, Reproduction, and Response
Section 4: Asexual Reproduction
Study Guide A continued
Fill in the chart with the names of structures adapted for vegetative reproduction.
Structure
Description
How It Works
Example
6. _________
Horizontal stems
above the ground
Points on the stem
produce roots and
leaves of a new
plant.
strawberries
7. _________
Horizontal stems
underground
Buds in stem joints irises
grow into new
plants.
8. _________
Underground stem Buds called “eyes” potatoes
modified for storage grow into new
plants.
9. _________
Underground stem Bulbs grow into a
surrounded by
new plant.
modified leaves that
are adapted for
storage
daffodils
MAIN IDEA: Humans can produce plants with desirable traits using vegetative
structures.
Fill in the blank with the word or phrase that best completes the sentence.
10. A stem that is placed in water or soil so it can produce roots is called
a_____________.
11. Attaching a stem from one tree onto the trunk of another tree is called
_____________.
Vocabulary Check
Fill in the blank with the word or phrase that best completes the sentence.
12. The prefix re- means “again; anew” and the word generate means “to bring
into being.” When these word parts are combined, they form the word
__________.
13. One definition of vegetative is “relating to processes such as growth and
nutrition rather than sexual reproduction.” A type of asexual reproduction that
includes this word is ________________.
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Holt McDougal Biology
Study Guide A
6
Plant Growth, Reproduction, and Response
Section 4: Asexual Reproduction
Section 22.5: Plant Hormones and Responses
Study Guide
KEY CONCEPT
Plant hormones guide plant growth and development.
VOCABULARY
hormone
auxin
gravitropism
gibberellin
tropism
photoperiodism
ethylene
phototropism
cytokinin
thigmotropism
MAIN IDEA: Plant hormones regulate plant functions.
Fill in the blank with the word or phrase that best completes the sentence.
1. A chemical messenger formed in one part of an organism that stimulates or
suppresses cell activity in another part of the organism is called a(n)
________________.
2. Plant hormones are sometimes released in response to _____________
changes and sometimes in response to internal changes in the plant.
Complete the chart below by filling in the blanks with the names of the four main
groups of plant hormones.
Plant Hormone
Controls processes involved in
3. _________________
ending seed dormancy
starting germination
promoting rapid growth of new seedlings
4. _________________
the ripening of fruits
5. _________________
the final stage of cell division
the growth of roots and side branches
the development of seeds and fruits
slowing the aging of leaves and other plant organs
6. __________________
lengthening of cells in the growing tip of a plant
preventing growth of new branches
tropisms
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Holt McDougal Biology
Study Guide A
7
Plant Growth, Reproduction, and Response
Section 5: Plant Hormones and Responses
Study Guide A continued
MAIN IDEA: Plants can respond to light, touch, gravity, and seasonal changes.
Fill in the blank with the correct term from the box.
phototropism
thigmotropism
rapid response
photoperiodism
gravitropism
______________________
7. growth in response to being touched
______________________
8. response to being touched not involving growth
______________________
9. growth in response to gravity
______________________
10. response to changing lengths of day and night
______________________
11. growth in response to light
Vocabulary Check
Fill in the blank with the word that best completes the sentence.
12. The prefix photo- refers to light. The two kinds of plant responses that have to do with
light are _____________ and _________________.
In the space provided below, illustrate the process of phototropism as it
occurs at the cellular level. Use Figure 5.3 as a reference. Label areas of high auxin
concentration.
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Holt McDougal Biology
Study Guide A
8
Plant Growth, Reproduction, and Response
Section 5: Plant Hormones and Responses