Muscles the move the Head & Vertebral Column
Muscle
Origin
Insertion
Action
Sternocleidomastoid
anterior surface of sternum & upper clavicle
mastoid process
pulls head to one side, flexes neck
Splenius capitis
spinous processes of lower C and upper T vert occipital bone
rotates head, bends head, ext neck
Semispinalis capitis
processes of lower C and upper T vert
occipital bone
extends head, bends head, rotates h
Erector spinae group
Iliocostalis group (lateral group)
Iliocostalis lumborum
iliac crest
lower 6 ribs
extends lumbar region
Iliocostalis thoracis
lower 6 ribs
upper 6 ribs
holds spine erect
Iliocostalis cervicis
upper 6 ribs
C4- C6
extends cervical region
Longissimus group(intermediate group)
Longissimus thoracis
lumbar vertebrae
thoracic & upper lumbar vert
Ribs 9-10
extends thoracic region
Longissimus cervicis
T4-T5
C2-C6
extends cervical region
Longissimus capitis
upper thoracic & lower cervical vert
mastoid process
extends & rotates head
Spinalis group (medial group)
Spinalis thoracis
upper lumbar and lower thoracic vert
upper thoracic vert
extends vert column
Spinalis cervicis
ligamentum nuchae & C7
axis
extends vert column
Spinalis capitis
upper T vert & lower C vertebrae
occipital bone
extends vert column
Muscle
Origin
Insertion
Action
Trapezius
occipital bone & spines of C & T vert
clavicle, spine, and acromion process rotates scapula, know
Fiber specifics
Rhomboid Major
spines of upper T vert
medial border of scapula
retracts, elevates, rotates scap
Rhomboid Minor
spines of lower C vert
medial border of scapula
retracts & elevates scap
Levator scapulae
transverse processes of C vert
medial margin of scapula
elevates scapula
Serrratus anterior
outer surfaces of upper ribs
ventral surface of scapula
pulls scapula ant. and down
Pectoralis minor
sternal ends of upper ribs
coracoid process
pulls scapula forward & down
Or raises ribs
Muscles that move the pectoral girdle
Muscles that move the arm (add whether they are flexors, extensors, ABD, or rotators)
Muscle
Origin
Insertion
Action
Coracobrachialis
coracoid process
flexes and ADD arm
Pectoralis Major
clavicle, sternum, and costal cartilages of upper ribs
Teres Major
lateral border of scapula
intertubercular groove
extends, ADD, and rotates arm medially
Latissimus dorsi
spines of sacral, lumbar, and lower T vert
Iliac crest, lower ribs
intertubercular groove
extends, ADD, rotates arm med, pulls
shldr down and back
Supraspinatus
posterior surface of scapula above spine
greater tubercle
ABD arm, rotates arm laterally (ER)
Deltoid
acromion process, scapular spine, & clavicle
deltoid tuberosity of humerus
Subscapularis
ant. surface of scapula
lesser tubercle
rotates arm medially (IR)
Infraspinatus
post. surface of scapula below spine
greater tubercle
rotates arm laterally (ER)
Teres minor
lateral border of scapula
greater tubercle
rotates arm laterally (ER)
humeral shaft
Intertubercular groove
flexes, ADD and rotates
Arm medially
ABD, extends, flexes arm
Muscles that Move the Forearm
Biceps Brachii
coracoid process & glenoid tubercle (sup)
radial tuberosity
flexes elbow and radial deviation
Brachialis
anterior shaft of humerus
coronoid process
flexes elbow
Brachioradialis
distal lateral end of humerus
lat. Radius above styloid proc.
Triceps brachii
glenoid tubercle (inf) & lat and med humerus
olecranon process
extends elbow
Supinator
lateral epicondyle & ulnar crest
lateral radius
supination of hand/forearm
Pronator teres
medial epicondyle & coronoid process
lateral radius
pronation of hand/forearm
Pronator quadratus anterior distal end of ulna
anterior distal end of radius
Flexes elbow
pronation of hand/forearm