Head & Neck
Epicranius Frontalis
Wrinkles forehead horizontally
Epicranius Occipitalis
Pulls scalp backward
Orbicularis Oculi
Blink & wink; closes eye
Orbicularis Oris
Kissin’ & whistlin’; puckers lips
Buccinator
Compresses cheeks to teeth; holds food in mouth while chewing
Zygomaticus Major
Smiling; pulls lips outward
Zygomaticus Minor
Smiling; pulls lips outward
Platysma
Tenses neck; assists in frowing
Masseter
Elevates mandible; chewing
Origin: zygomatic arch
Insertion: mandible
Temporalis
Elevates mandible; chewing
Sternoceidomastoid
Flexes head & neck (prayer); abducts head side to side
Splenius Capitis
Extends head & neck; rotates neck toward side of contracted muscle
Semispinalis Capitis
Extends head & neck
Levator Labii Superioris
Lifts lip up (toward eye)
Depressor Anguli Oris
Frowning
Medial Pterygoid
Chewing
Lateral Pterygoid
Chewing
Suprahyoid
Infrahyoid
Epicranial Aponeurosis
Connective tissue in between epicranius frontalis & occipitalis
Abdomen
Rectus Abdominis
Flexes trunk
Origin: Pubic Symphysis
Insertion: Sternum
External Oblique
Compresses abdomen; rotates trunk laterally
Internal Oblique
Posture; helps to flatten the lumbar curve of spine
Transverse Abdominis
Compresses abdomen; rotates trunk laterally
Shoulders & Chest
Trapezius
Shrugs shoulders
Rhomboid Major
Retracts, rotates, and fixes the scapula
Levator Scapulae
Elevates and retracts the scapula; abducts the neck
Serratus Anterior
Pulls shoulder down & forward (hugging yourself)
Pectoralis Major
Flexes the arm; adducts the arm anteriorly (across chest)
Pectoralis Minor
Pulls shoulder girdle down & forward (hugging yourself)
Teres Major
Assists in extension, adduction, and medial rotation of the arm
Teres Minor
Rotates the arm outward
Latissimus Dorsi
Extends the arm; adducts the arm posteriorly
Origin: Vertebrae
Insertion: Humerus
Supraspinatus
Assists in abducting the arm (rotator cuff)
Infraspinatus
Assists in abducting the arm (rotator cuff)
Deltoid
Abducts the arm; assists in flexion & extension of the arm
Rhomboid Minor
Retracts, rotates, and fixes the scapula
Arms
Biceps Brachii
Flexes the supinated forearm; supinates the forearm & hand
Origin: Scapula
Triceps Brachii
Insertion: Radius
Extends the lower arm
Origin: Scapula & humerus
Insertion: Ulna
Brachialis
Flexes the pronated arm
Brachioradialis
Supinates the forearm & hand
Coracobrachialis
Adduction; assists in flexion & medial rotation of the arm
Pronator Teres
Pronates and flexes the forearm
Flexor Carpi Radialis
Flexes the hand
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
Flexes the hand
Palmaris Longus
Flexes the hand
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
Extends the hand
Extensor Digitorum
Extends the hand
Extensor Digiti Minimi
Extends the hand
Thighs & Hips
Rectus Femoris
Flexes the thigh; extends the leg
Origin: Ilium
Vastus Medialis
Extends the leg
Vastus Lateralis
Extends the leg
Sartorius
Crosses the legs
Gracilis
Adducts the thigh
Adductor Longus
Adducts the thigh
Gluteus Maximus
Extends the thigh; rotates outward
Gluteus Medius
Abducts the thigh
Origin: Ilium
Tensor Fasciae Latae
Abducts the thigh
Biceps Femoris
Extends the thigh; flexes the leg
Semitendinosus
Extends the thigh; flexes the leg
Semimembranosus
Extends the thigh; flexes the leg
Origin: Ischial tuberosity
Adductor Brevis
Insertion:Patella
Insertion: Greater Trochanter
Insertion: Medial condyle of the tibia
Adductor
Lower Leg
Gastrocnemius
Plantar flexion; flexes leg
Tibialis Anterior
Dorsiflexion; inverts the foot
Origin:Tibia
Soleus
Plantar flexion
Extensor Digitorum Longus
Dorsiflexion
Fibularis Longus
Plantar flexion; everts the foot
Insertion: Calcaneus