BIOL 1407 – General Biology II
Review Sheet for Exam 3
Mr. Dees
(please note that this is not intended to be a totally inclusive list – just a place to start)
Chapter 32
origins/evolution of animal life
characteristics of kingdom animalia
development of animal embryo
blastula, gastrula, gastrulation, blastocoel, blastopore
hox genes
choanoflagellates
understand the traditional systems of classification as discussed in class
parazoa-eumetazoa – diploblatic - triploblastic
symmetry – radial – bilateral
acoelomate-pseudocoelomate-coelomate
protostome –deuterostome
phylogenetic tree of animal phyla
Know the animal phyla, subphyla (if discussed) and classes of animal groups discussed in class
Chapter 33 (remember: notes are from three lectures a, b, & c)
***for all groups of animals – you need to know the examples discussed in class and their anatomy***
invertebrates/vertebrates
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Phylum porifera
o know general characteristics
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parazoa
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choanocytes
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feeding mode
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amoebocytes
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spiclues
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monoecious
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sessile
o know general anatomy of a sponge
o classification of sponges – know chrs of each class
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– Grantia
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– bath and finger sponges
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– venus looking glass

Phylum Cnidaria
o know general characteristics

eumetazoa –diploblastic – endo-ectoderm (epidermis/gastrodermis)
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radial symmetry
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polyp/medusae - tentacles
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digestive system – incomplete – only one opening – mouth
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cnidocytes/nematocysts
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motile
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primitive nerve net
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sexual and asexual (budding)
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mesoglea
o classification of cnidarians –
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Hydra
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Obelia – life cycle
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Portuguese-man-o-war
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true jellyfish
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Aurelia
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box jellies
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highly toxic

sea anemone
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corals – importance of coral reefs
Phylum Platyhelminthes – flat worms
o know general characteristics

triploblastic – endo, ecto, mesoderm
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bilateral symmetry
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acoelomate
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simple nervous system
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protonephridia/flame cells
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incomplete digestive system
o classification of flatworms

Dugesia –planaria
o know the anatomy

eye spots
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auricles
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pharynx
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mouth
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gastrovascular cavity
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nervous system

tapeworms
o parasitic
o know life cycle – definitive/intermediate host
o anatomy – scolex, proglottid, monoecious
o Taenia

flukes
o parasitic
o Schistosoma – know life cycle

cercaria

dioecious
Phylum nematoda – roundworms
o know characteristics

pseudocoelomate

complete digestive system

bilateral symmetry

cuticle

body form

dioecious
o importance of nematodes
o know life cycles (hosts and vectors) and general information for the following
parasites

Ascaris lumbricoides – human intestinal roundworm

Necator americanus – hookworm

Wucheria bancrofti - elephantiasis

Dracunculus medinensis – Guinea worm
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Loa loa – eye worm

Trichinella spiralis – trichina worm
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Enterobius vermicularis - pinworm
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Dirofilaria immitis – heartworm
Coelomate protostomes – recall the differences of protostomes and deuterostomes
Phylum mollusca – the mollusks
o know characteristics
o soft body/dorsal shell (in most)
o dioecious
o body plan – foot, mantle, visceral mass, radula
o circulatory system – open (all but one group)
o classification of mollusks – know chrs for each group
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- chitons
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gastropods– snails, slugs – torsion
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bivalves– mussels, clams ,oysters - anatomy
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cephalopods– advanced!!!! squid, octopi, nautilus

understand the success of these inverts
Phylum annelida – segmented worms
o evolutionary landmark – metamerism
o know characteristics discussed
o classification of segmented worms

– Lumbricus terrestris – earthworm

know anatomy

polychaets – Nereis – sandworm

– leeches – ectoparasites

hirudin
Phylum Arthropoda – arthropods
o know characteristics

bilateral symmetry
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jointed appendages
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exoskeleton-chitin-ecdysis
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segmented body tagma – head, thorax, abdomen
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open circulatory system
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respiratory structures
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tracheal tubes, gills, book lung
o trilobites
o classification of arthropods (includes subphyla!)

Arachnids – know examples and chrs

Crustaceans

know examples and anatomy

myripods

- millipedes

– centipedes

Hexapods – insects
o metamorphic life cycle
Coelomate deuterostomes
Phylum echinodermata
o know characteristics

spiny skin - endoskeleton

water vascular system

pentaradial symmetry/bilateral symmetry
o

dioecious
classification of echinoderms

starfish - anatomy
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sea urchins, etc..

– sea cucumbers