VALERO – KROTZ SPRINGS
SHG #44
Page 1 of 7
Approved 6/15/99
JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS (JSA) GUIDELINE
1.0
PURPOSE
To provide a tool for developing and communicating safe job practices for work within the
refinery.
2.0
SCOPE
This guideline can be applied to most tasks in the refinery. It can be used informally through
verbal communications in toolbox safety meetings or formally following the written format
discussed in the guideline. Its application is extremely flexible and how it is used will be at the
discretion of each supervisor and crew. Informal JSAs should be used on every job as part of
the permit issuance discussion or prior to the start of work. However, they are especially
valuable whenever the individual(s) that will be performing the job are unfamiliar with the tasks
involved and the consequences of mistakes are potentially serious or hazardous.
Formal, written JSAs should be considered for use in the following circumstances:
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Unique or new tasks where job procedures or accepted work practices have not yet been
developed.
Jobs where personnel with prior hands on experience are not available.
Jobs that must deviate from established procedures.
Jobs that have resulted in previous incidents or have a high-risk potential.
Jobs with uncertain risk potential.
Jobs where conditions may have changed.
Formal, written JSA’s MUST be done in lieu of a MOCA/PSSR where a temporary change to a
process is made lasting less than one shift.
3.0
DEFINITIONS
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Job Safety Analysis (JSA) a systematic analysis of a job task that tells the steps in
sequence, determines the hazards involved and provides recommendations for safe work.
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Informal Job Safety Analysis is the verbal discussion or mental process of the JSA.
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Formal Job Safety Analysis is a written, more comprehensive JSA that is recorded on the
appropriate form.
VALERO – KROTZ SPRINGS
4.0
SHG #44
Page 2 of 7
Approved 6/15/99
RESPONSIBILITY
Individual/Group
Directors/Managers
Owning Area Supervisor
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Supervisors / Lead Techs
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Employees/Contractor Personnel
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Training Department
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Assigned Responsibilities
Encourage and promote the use of JSAs
Assure that training is provided for their
personnel
Encourage and promote the use of JSAs
Assure that training is provided for their
personnel
Assure that formal, written JSAs are done
when required and filed
Coordinate formal JSAs and assist with
informal JSAs as needed
Act as Team Leader
Assure that formal JSAs are reviewed with
everyone involved in the job
Review JSA at job completion for accuracy
and completeness and correct as necessary.
Use JSA in daily tasks
Recognize and request formal JSAs
Communicate information obtained during
informal JSAs with everyone involved in the
job
Arrange training for all employees and
appropriate refinery contractor personnel.
5.0 GUIDELINE
There are eight steps in reviewing a job using the Job Safety Analysis technique. The steps
are essentially the same whether the guideline is informal or formal. The amount of time to
complete a JSA may be several seconds to several hours based on the complexity of the job.
The eight steps are as follows:
5.1 Step 1 - Defining the Scope of the Job to be Analyzed
Defining the scope of the analysis involves determining where the job to be reviewed starts and
where it ends. A JSA can be very broad and cover pre- and post-job tasks like: selecting tools,
spotting equipment, lockout/tagout, checking MSDSs, determining process variables
(temperature, pressure, composition, etc), and cleaning up. Or it can be very specific and focus
only on the part of the total job that is of concern or isn’t covered by other procedures and work
practices. The scope will be defined by the individual, Lead Tech, and crew involved.
VALERO – KROTZ SPRINGS
SHG #44
Page 3 of 7
Approved 6/15/99
5.2 Step 2 - Determine If An Informal or Formal JSA Is More Appropriate For The
Task
This determination is based on the complexity of the task, the risk potential of the job, the
experience level of the work group, and the amount of uncertainty involved. An informal or
formal JSA can be conducted for most tasks.
Informal JSAs may take the form of a crew toolbox safety meeting with the Supervisor or Lead
Technician acting as Team Leader. It may also be two employees discussing what they are
about to do at the job site. An informal JSA might be as simple as a single employee going
through the process mentally before starting a task.
A formal JSA should be performed for the types of jobs listed in the scope section of this
guideline. It will provide a written procedure that can be used as a template for future jobs of
similar nature.
5.3 Step 3 - Finding a Place To Meet , Assembling The People Involved, and
Appointing a Team Leader/Scribe
Performing a formal JSA requires assembling everyone involved in the job (where practical), as
well as, anyone who has input into how to perform the job safely. The typical formal JSA
meeting is held in a suitable meeting area with the Team Leader being the Supervisor/Lead
Technician responsible for the work. A scribe will be necessary and should be appointed by the
team leader. The scribe should complete the header portion of the JSA form and use the main
portion to record the meeting as it progresses. Although not all inclusive, a typical team should
consist of:
Core JSA Team
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Craft personnel involved
Contractor craft personnel involved
Owning Area Representative from where the work is taking place
Valero Contractor Representative and contractor Foreman
Supervisor/Lead Tech responsible for the job
Optional Support Personnel – (to be contacted by the Team Leader)
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Safety Department Representative
Inspection, Tech Services Representative, etc.
Environmental Department Representative
VALERO – KROTZ SPRINGS
SHG #44
Page 4 of 7
Approved 6/15/99
5.4 Step 4 - Breaking The Job Down Chronologically By Tasks
Breaking the job down into a chronological listing of tasks is what makes the JSA process
useful as a step-by-step work procedure. Existing procedures (Operating, Maintenance, etc.)
should be reviewed in conjuction with the JSA. If this can be done in advance, the JSA study
will proceed more smoothly. The job steps can be discussed verbally, reasoned through
mentally or written out in the left-hand column of the JSA form (attached).
Start with the first task of the job as identified in Step 1, and continue going through the tasks
chronologically until the job is completed. Whether developing an informal or formal JSA,
having a person experienced in doing the job present at the meeting is important.
5.5 Step 5 - Identifying the Hazards Involved With Each Task
Identifying the hazards involved in each task is one of the main purposes for conducting a JSA.
The hazards can be discussed verbally, reasoned through mentally or can be written in the
center column of the JSA form. The checklist located on the backside of the JSA Form can be
used to help identify the hazards associated with the job. Getting the right people involved in
the meeting should ensure diverse points of view on what the hazards might be. Discuss or list
all the credible hazards pointed out by the group, even those posed by associated work.
5.6 Step 6 - Developing Safeguards to Eliminate or Control the Hazards Identified
This step involves controlling the hazards so the job will be performed safely. The safeguards
can be discussed verbally, reasoned through mentally or written in the right hand column of the
JSA form. The process of controlling hazards should be carried out in this order:
• Eliminate or remove the hazard from the work area.
• Guard against the hazard by physical barriers or distance.
• Assign appropriate PPE.
If none of these options will eliminate or control the hazard so that the task can be performed
safely, that specific task should not be performed. At this point the JSA Team Leader and
group should assess other options to performing the job safely without doing that particular
task.
5.7 Step 7 - Review What Was Just Discussed Or Written With All Personnel
Involved
All personnel involved in the job who were not able to attend the meeting need to review and
understand the JSA. The Supervisor/Lead Technician responsible for the work will review the
JSA with all personnel involved.
VALERO – KROTZ SPRINGS
SHG #44
Page 5 of 7
Approved 6/15/99
5.8 Step 8 – After the job is completed, review the JSA for completeness and
accuracy
Note any steps which may have been omitted or were in the incorrect order. Note any hazards
which weren’t anticipated and any safeguards which didn’t work as well as intended. If a formal
JSA was prepared, revise the document per the observations noted.
6.0
Recordkeeping
Copies of formal JSAs should be filed in the owning area Right To Know Station.
SHG #44
Page 6 of 7
Approved 6/15/99
JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS FORM
JOB:
DATE:
SAP FUNCTIONAL LOCATION/EQUIP. NO.
DESCRIPTION OF JOB:
JSA TEAM:
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT REQUIRED:
Steps in Sequence
Hazards Involved
Recommendations for Safe Work
SHG #44
Page 7 of 7
Approved 6/15/99
THE PROACTIVE APPROACH TO INJURY PREVENTION
Consider the following and check the items that apply to the job and then review with the work crew.
Permits
Required
Cold Work
Hot Work
Vehicle Entry
Excavation
Confined Space Entry
Posted At Job Site
Signed Off When Complete
Other
Personal Protective Equipment
Normal PPE
• Hard Hat
• Safety glasses
• Work Gloves
H2S Monitor
Fire Retardant Clothing
Rubber Gloves
Leather Gloves
Addt’l Foot Protection
Respirators
Rubber Boots
Face Shield
Mono Goggles
Hearing Protection (Ear Plugs)
Fall Protection
Seat Belts
Burning Goggles
Welding Shield
Other
Tools
Current Inspection
Proper Tools For The Job
Good Tool Condition
Qualification Required
Other
Welding
Welding Leads In Good Condition
Combustibles
Spark Containment
Welding Screens (Personnel Protection)
Grounding (near weld site)
Water Hose
Fire Extinguisher
Fire Blanket
Fire Watch
____ Cable Tray Cover
Sewer Covers
Other
Electrical
Locked & Tagged
Try Start/Stop Switch
CIFCI Test
Assured Grounding
Extension Cord Inspection
Other
Lifting
Forklift
Cherry Picker
Load Chart
Angle
Crane
Chainfall
Proper Rigging Practices
Manual Lifting
Condition Of Equipment
Critical Lift
Other
Hazards (Chemicals)
Chemical Burns-Skin/Eyes
Flammable
Ingestion
Inhalation
Skin Contamination
Other
Hazards (Body)
Fall Potential
Pinch Points
Slip-Trip Potential
Thermal Burns
Other
Hazards (Environmental)
Airborne, Particulates
Electrical Shock
Heat Stress
Heavy Objects
Hot, Cold Surfaces/Materials
Inadequate Lighting
First Opening Of Equipment
Blinds Installed
Valves Blocked
Line or Equipment Cleared
Noise
Poor Access/Egress
Poor Housekeeping
Sharp Objects
Other
Access
Scaffold (Properly Inspected
Additional Comments;
**Make sure employees have read and understand the requirements.
Ladder (Tied Off)
Aerial Lift Personnel Basket
(Inspected & Approved)
Special Provision
Other
Emergency Info/Equipment Location
Fire Monitors
Fire Extinguishers
Safety Shower
Evacuation Route
Wind Direction Noted
SCBA
H2S FlammableGas Alarm
Other