Physics Study Guide Thermodynamics
Define the following terms.
1. Kinetic-Molecular Theory
2. Conduction
3. Convection
4. Radiation
5. Temperature
6. Thermometer
7. Thermal Equilibrium
8. Absolute Zero
9. Kelvin
10. Heat
11. Specific Heat
12. Calorimeter
13. Thermodynamics
14. Melting Point
15. Heat of Fusion
16. Boiling Point
17. Heat of Vaporization
18. First Law of Thermodynamics
19. Second Law of Thermodynamics
Short Answer
20. What might happen to an object once it has reached Absolute Zero?
21. Explain why the calorimeter contains a little aluminum cup inside a big aluminum cup
and a lot of space between them.
22. What is the importance of Heat of Fusion and Heat of Vaporization?
23. How does energy flow? (cold to hot or hot to cold)
24. What does the zero represent on the Celsius Scale?
25. What does the zero represent on the Fahrenheit Scale?
26. Explain why the liquid in a thermometer rises or falls.
27. Explain how the drinking bird works.
Solve the following problems.
28. Make the following conversion.
a. 0oC to Kelvin
g. 0K to Celsius
b. 273oC to Kelvin
h. 273K to Celsius
o
c. 23 C to Kelvin
i. 43K to Celsius
d. –143oC to Kelvin
j. 133oC to Kelvin
e. –45K to Celsius
k. -40oF to Celsius
f. 32oF to Celsius
l. 212oF to Celsius
29. How much heat is absorbed by 35g of copper when it is heated from 45oC to 92oC? The
specific heat of copper is 385 JK/kg.
30. The cooling system of a car engine contains 20kg of water. What is the change in the
temperature of the water if the engine operates until 836 kJ of heat are added? The
specific heat of water is 4180 JK/kg.
31. A 1.00X102 g brass block at 90oC is placed in a Styrofoam cup containing 2.0X102 g of
water at 20oC. No heat is lost to the cup of the surroundings. Find the final temperature
of the mixture. The specific heat of brass is 376 JK/kg.
32. A 1.0X102 g aluminum block at 100oC is placed in 1.0X102g of water at 10 oC. Find the
final temperature of the mixture. The specific heat of aluminum is 903 JK/kg.
33. How much heat is absorbed by 1.0 X 102g of ice at –20oC to become water at 0oC?
34. How much heat is needed to raise the temperature of 55kg of water from 100oC to
140oC?
35. How much heat is needed to raise the temperature of 134kg of water from –35oC to
123oC?
36. How much heat is needed to raise the temperature of 85kg of water from 12oC to 97oC?