Hyde School UNIT 1: UNIT BACKGROUND Unit Title Prehistoric Man and the Cradles of Civilization Subject/ Topic Neolithic Revolution and River Valley Civilizations Key Words Geography, Agriculture, Social Classes, River Valleys Unit Designer Geoffrey E. Fenelus Time Frame School Grade Level 9, 10 14 Days Hyde School Trimester 1 BRIEF SUMMARY OF UNIT This unit will bridge the gap between prehistory and the earliest recorded human civilizations. Major topics will include the impact of geography on the discovery of agriculture, the impact of the Neolithic Revolution, the development of written language and the formation of systems of government and law in four key river valley civilizations. STAGE 1: DESIRED RESULTS ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS What kind of lives did humans lead before the advent of agriculture? Was the Neolithic Revolution a blessing or a curse for mankind? What is a revolution? Is it accurate to describe the beginning of farming as “revolutionary”? What impact did geography have on the growth of river valley civilizations? Why did social classes develop? Are they a necessary by-product of civilization? Why would systems of law or government emerge in early history? What role would these institutions play in early history? ENDURING UNDERSTANDINGS Geography plays a critical role in the development and sustainability of civilizations Written language is a necessary tool for the growth and eventual interaction of civilizations Systems of social class and government are the products of the specific time and place of a civilization REAL WORLD CONNECTION AND THEMES VOCABULARY cultural diffusion, fossil, artifacts, hominid, homo erectus, homo sapiens, Neanderthal, Cro-Magnon, Paleolithic, technology, nomadic, hunter-gatherer, agriculture, Ice Age, domestication, division of labor (specialization), surplus, irrigation, social classes, religion, Sumer, Ur, civilization, cuneiform, ziggurat, hierarchy, Fertile Crescent, Mesopotamia, Tigris and Euphrates, city-state, dynastic cycle, Epic of Gilgamesh, Hammurabi’s Code, Nile River, Old Kingdom, pharaoh, theocracy, pyramid, Rosetta Stone, hieroglyphics, papyrus, mummification, Yellow River, polytheistic, Neolithic Revolution, subcontinent, Harappan civilization, monsoon, loess, Middle Kingdom COMMON MISCONCEPTIONS MISCONCEPTION Written language and spoken language emerged simultaneously The advent of agriculture made human life easier There have always been groups of people who are more wealthy or powerful than others in their society CLARIFICATION Humans were speaking complex languages for thousands of years before they started to write Nomadic lifestyles required less work for sustenance, but could not support large populations The Neolithic Revolution and the division of labor in society created the foundation for class societies 1 STAGE 3: LEARNING ACTIVITIES/ RESOURCES # 1 Aims and Objectives What lifestyle did pre-historic humans live, and what similarities exist between our lives and theirs? - identify differences between human ancestors and modern humans - create a hypothesis re: advent of human language - explain aspects of modern life that existed in pre-history Instructional Choice Mini-Lesson, partner work to create hypothesis Resources Prezi – Unit 1 -Pictures of homo erectus, neanderthals, homo sapiens - Video Clip: Guns, Germs, and Steel – Hunter-Gatherers (5:46) - Lascaux cave paintings 2 What was the Neolithic Revolution, and how did it lead to the formation of complex societies? - define the neolithic revolution - create a T-chart listing positive and negative effects of NR - explain genetic basis for domestication Mini-Lesson, partner debate. “Telephone Game” with protowriting 3 What does a social group need to have to be considered a civilization? - identify necessary components for civilizations - test sample scenarios to determine whether a group is or is not a civilization Graphic Organizer Mini-Lesson, “Civilization” tour / test The Worst Mistake in the History of the Human Race (Jarred Diamond) - “Telephone Game” for understanding the difficulties of creating a writing system Graphic Organizer, sample civilization posters for tour 4 What writing strategies can make a student more successful on a thematic essay? - break down and explain a thematic essay task - identify and explain the function of introduction, body and conclusion paragraphs - create a sample outline based on a thematic essay task What was the geography of the Fertile Crescent, and how did it impact the civilizations that formed there? - identify and locate the Tigris and Euphrates rivers - infer cultural impact of geography from a text selection - explain the concept of kingship and possible reasons for such a structure What was the Code of Hammurabi, and what reasons would a king have for creating such a list? Mini-lesson, partner activity (brainstorming and outlining) June 2011 thematic essay prompt, graphic organizers Mini Lesson, discussion Map of Fertile Crescent, selection from the Epic of Gilgamesh Thought Experiment & Discussion What was the geography of ancient Egypt, and how did it impact the civilization that formed there? - identify and locate the Nile river, distinguish upper from lower Egypt - synthesize the importance of the Nile flooding with the dynamic influence of the Pharoah What are the geographical and cultural roots of the lasting remnants of ancient Egyptian culture? - identify and explain the role of geography and culture in the creation of the pyramids, mummification, the rosetta stone Quiz (Early humans, NR, Characteristics of Civilization) Essay Draft Due What was the geography of the Indus River Valley, and how did it impact the civilization that formed there? - identify and locate the Indus river - how do weather systems differ in this region, and what is the impact of these differences? - provide supporting details for essay thesis Mini Lesson, riddle activity (how is the Pharoah's power related to the Nile?) Selection from The History of the Ancient World, Thought Experiment graphic organizer Selection from The History of the Ancient World, detective notes sheet 5 6 7 8 9 10 Gallery Walk / Scavenger Hunt Stations documents describing the pyramids, mummification and the rosetta stone Quiz Unit 1, Quiz 1 Mini-Lesson, IP Map of Indus river valley, video from Guns, Germs and Steel (??:??) 2 11 12 13 How did the Harappan civilization stand out from other contemporary groups, and what might be a cause for its decline? - identify aspects of Harappan city planning that were novel for the time period - make an educated guess, based on problems faced by other river valley civilizations, for the decline of the Harappan What was the geography of ancient China, and how did it impact the civilizations that formed there? - identify the Himalayan Mountains and Gobi Deserts, the Yellow River - explain the impact of geography on the isolation between Chinese and western civilizations - explain the differences between the writing systems of mesopotamia and China, and make predictions about the cultural impact of these differences How did the selection of leaders differ in China from other river valley civilizations? - define and explain the Dynastic Cycle - identify traits desired for Chinese rulers - review through comparison the 4 major river valley civilizations Unit Test – Prehistoric Man and the Cradles of Civilization 14 15 Unit Test Mini-Lesson, investigation into possible causes of decline Map of Harappan city grid system, Harappan seal, map of the reagion. Youtube clips Mini-Lesson, Chinese Characters 101 Map of ancient China Mini-Lesson, unit review IP Graphic Organizer, previous notes (Cornell Style question review) Test (MC, Maps, MiniEssay) 3