Chapter 12 Question Set
4. What kind of carbon-carbon bonds are found in alkane molecules?
Answer:
Single (sigma) bonds
10. The isomers of a compound have the same chemical formula. In what way do they differ
from one another?
Answer:
They differ in their conformation; in the spatial relationship of one bond to another.
13. What is the difference between aromatic and aliphatic compounds?
Answer:
Aromatic compounds all have a benzene ring in their structure while aliphatic compounds do
not have a benzene ring in their structure.
18. In which of the compounds C2H2, C2H4, and C4H10 are the carbon-carbon bonds single, in
which are they double, and in which are they triple?
Answer:
The carbon-carbon bonds are single in C4H10, the carbon-carbon bonds are double in C2H4,
and the carbon-carbon bonds are triple in C2H2.
21. To what class of organic compounds does the compound belong whose structure is
shown below?
CH3CH2CH=O
Answer:
These compounds are called aldehydes and contain a carbonyl group.
22. What is wrong with these structural formulas?
a)
b)
Answer:
CH3CH2CH3CH2=CH2
a) The second carbon (the one on the right) only has three bonds associated with it
instead of the requisite four.
b) The second carbon (the one in the middle) has five bonds associated with it rather
than the requisite four.
32. When sugar undergoes fermentation to produce ethanol, what other compound is also
formed?
Answer:
Carbon dioxide gas is also formed.
35. What are the basic structural units of proteins? How does the human body obtain them?
Answer:
Amino acids are the basic structural units of proteins. They are obtained through the foods
we eat and some are synthesized by the body.