Nitrogen gas plus hydrogen gas under pressure and at high
temperature turn into ammonia. _
N2 + _ H2
N2 + 3 H2
NH3
2 NH3
Silver nitrate and calcium chloride solutions combined produce a
precipitate of silver chloride and leave a solution of calcium nitrate.
Ag (NO3)- + CaCl2
+
2 AgNO3 + CaCl2
AgCl + Ca(NO3)2
2 AgCl + Ca (NO3)2
Sulfuric acid and potassium hydroxide neutralize each other to
make water and potassium sulfate
H2SO4 + _ K(OH)
H2(SO4)+ 2 K(OH)
-
_ K (SO4) + _ H O
2
2
K2(SO4) + 2 H(OH)
Phosphoric acid and calcium hydroxide react to make water and
calcium phosphate.
H3PO4 + Ca(OH)2
2 H3PO4 + 3 Ca(OH)2
_ H(OH) + Ca3(PO4)2
6 H(OH) + Ca3(PO4)2
BURNING REACTIONS
Most burning reactions are the oxidation of a fuel material with
oxygen gas. Complete burning produces carbon dioxide from all the
carbon in the fuel, water from the hydrogen in the fuel, and sulfur
dioxide from any sulfur in the fuel. Methane burns in air to make
carbon dioxide and water.
_ CH4 + _ O2
CH4
+ 2 O2
_ H2O + _ CO2
2 H2O + CO2
Let’s consider the equation for the burning of butane, C4H10.
_ C4H10 + _ O2
2 C4H10 + 13 O2
_ CO2 + _ H2O
8 CO2 + 10 H2O
Now try isopropyl alcohol, C3H7OH.
_ C3H7OH + _ O2
2 C3H7OH + 9 O2
_ CO2 + _ H2O
6 CO2 + 8 H2O
Take as an example the smelting of magnetite, an iron ore.
_ Fe3O4 + _ CO
Fe3O4 + 4 CO
_ CO2 + _ Fe
4 CO2 + 3 Fe
DECOMPOSITION EQUATIONS
Potassium chlorate when heated comes apart into oxygen gas and
potassium chloride
_ KClO3
2 KClO3
_ KCl + _ O2
2 KCl + 3 O2
Heating sodium bicarbonate releases water and carbon dioxide and
sodium carbonate.
_ NaHCO3
6 NaHCO3
_ Na2CO3 + _ H2O + _CO2
3 Na2CO3 + 3 H2O + 3 CO2
SINGLE REPLACEMENT EQUATIONS
The solution begins to turn blue and the copper seems to disappear.
Instead, a silvery-white material appears.
_ AgNO3 + _ Cu
2 AgNO3 + Cu
Cu(NO3)2 + _ Ag
Cu(NO3)2 + 2 Ag
Strontium nitrate reacts with Aluminum sulfate to form Strontium
sulfate and Aluminum nitrate.
_Sr(NO3)2 +_Al2(SO4)3 --> _SrSO4 + _Al(NO3)3
3Sr(NO3)2 + Al2(SO4)3 --> 3SrSO4 + 2Al(NO3)3
Potassium permanganate reacts with Aluminum carbonate to form
potassium carbonate and Aluminum permanganate.
_KMnO4 +_Al2(CO3)3 --> _K2CO3 + _Al(MnO4)3
6KMnO4 + Al2(CO3)3 --> 3K2CO3 + 2Al(MnO4)3