Chapter 15 Review sheet
Name
Use this completion exercise to check your understanding of the concepts . and terms that are
introduced in this chapter. Each blank can be completed with a term, short phrase, or number.
Changes in the temperature and __1___ of a system alter the ___2___
1. pressure
of a solute. The extent to which a gas dissolves in a liquid is proportional
2. solubility
to the __3__ of the gas in accordance with __4__ law. The solubility
3. pressure
of a gas decreases with __5__ temperature. __6__ liquids tend to be
4. Henry’s
soluble in water. Two liquids that are mutually soluble in each other
5. increasing
are said to be __7__ . Generally the __8__ of a solid in water __9__
6. polar
with increasing temperature, but there are exceptions. The rate at which
7. miscible
a solute __10__ is influenced by a number of factors, including the
8. solubility
temperature of the solvent and the particle size of the solute
The relative amounts of solute and __11__ in a __12__ can be described
qualitatively as __13__ or concentrated. Quantitative units of concentration
include molar concentration, percent concentration molal concentration,
and mole fraction.
The effects in solution of a nonvolatile __14__ on the properties of the
solvent are called __15__ . They include __16__ point and vapor pressure
__17__ and boiling point __18__. In each case, the magnitude of the effect is
__19__ proportional to the number of solute molecules or ions present and is
__20__ of the type of particle. Each solvent has a characteristic __21__
9. increases
10. dissolves
11. solvent
12. solution
13. dilute
14. particles
15. colligative
16. freezing
17. lowering
18. elevation
elevation constant and molal freezing-point __22__ constant. The colligative 19. directly
properties are useful for demonstrating dissociation of solutes in solution
20. independent
and in determining molecular masses.
21. boiling point
22. depression
True False
Classify each of these statements as always true, AT; sometimes true, ST; or never true, NT.
AT 23. The rate at which a solute dissolves can be increased by grinding.
NT_ 24. When added to 1000 g of water, 2 moles of a solute will increase the boiling point by
0.5l2°C.
NT_ 25. One hundred mL of 1.0M sodium hydroxide solution is more concentrated than 1.0 L of
5M sodium hydroxide solution.
AT_ 26. The amount of sodium hydroxide in 100 mL of 1.0M NaOH is less than that in 1.0 L of
5M NaOH solution.
ST_ 27. As the temperature of a solvent decreases, the solubility of a solute increases.
AT_ 28. A dilute solution contains less solute than required for equilibrium.
NT 29. As an open bottle of a carbonated beverage cools, the concentration of dissolved carbon
dioxide decreases.
AT 30. Stirring a solute when adding it to a solvent should increase the rate of its dissolving.
Problems Solve the following problems in the space provided. Show your work.
31. What mass of sucrose, C12H22011, is needed to make 300. mL of a 0.501M solution?
51.1g C12 H22 O11
32. What is the molarity of a solution that contains 212.5 g of sodium nitrate (NaNO3) in 3.0 liters of
solution?
.83M solution
33. You must prepare 320. mL of 0.75 M NaBr solution using 2.0M NaBr stock solution. How many mL of
the stock solution should you use?
120mL Br stock solution
34. What is the freezing point of a solution that contains 2.0 mol of CaCl2in 800.g of water?
Tf= -14 degrees C
35. Calculate the concentration in M of a solution which contains 0.40 mol NaCl dissolved into 1.5 L of
solution.
.27M solution
36. Calculate the molarity of a solution prepares when 20.2 g of KNO3 is dissolved into 250.mL of
solution.
.80M solution
37. Calculate the molality of a solution made by adding 34.8 g of K2SO4 to 800. g of water.
.25m solution
38. Calculate the freezing and boiling point of a solution composed of 23.4 g of CaF2 dissolved in 175 g of
water.
Tf = -9.57 degrees C Tb=103 degrees C