Toledo Public Schools Pacing Guide Grade 6 Science Quarter 1 Big Idea*** Indicators Science Explorer Benchmark Vocabulary Interventions Nature of Science and Technology Science and Technology, Scientific Inquiry, Scientific Ways of Knowing SK 4 Describe how the pursuit of How is science used in NS&T • PHSchool.com Thinking your daily life? What scientists have contributed to our current topic? How are the procedures for this investigation determined? Are those procedures the same as or different from the last investigation? Why? List all tools and safety procedures needed (for the investigation). Explain why a single example will always disprove something. scientific knowledge is beneficial for any career and for daily life. SK 5 Research how men and women of all countries and cultures have contributed to the development of science. SI 1 Explain that there are not fixed procedures for guiding scientific investigations; however, the nature of an investigation determines the procedures needed. Careers in Science p. x NS&T Chapter 1 Sections 1 & 2 Chapter Project p. 5 Design Your Own Lab p. 23 (Add 1 constraint) SI 2. Choose the appropriate tools or instruments and use relevant safety procedures to complete scientific investigations. SI 3. Distinguish between observation and inference. SI 4 Explain that a single example can ***Statement or Questions to guide instruction. State repeatedly throughout the unit. scientifically Code: cgb-6000 Active Art p. 20 SE on Audio: CD-1 Nature of the investigation Safety considerations Video: “What is Science” • PHSchool.com Analyze Code: cgb-6011 Interpret Valid conclusions 1 Toledo Public Schools Pacing Guide Grade 6 Science Quarter 1 Big Idea*** How does technology make our life better? Why do we study science? How do we keep safe in a science classroom? How does technology make our life better? Indicators never prove that something is always correct, but sometimes a single example can disprove something. ST 1. Explain how technology influences the quality of life. SK 3. Identify ways scientific thinking is helpful in a variety of everyday settings. SK 4. Describe how the pursuit of scientific knowledge is beneficial for any career and for daily life. SK 5. Research how men and women of all countries and cultures have contributed to the development of science. SI 2. Choose appropriate tools or instruments and use relevant safety procedures to complete scientific investigations. Science Explorer NS&T Chapter 1 Sections 3, 4 Careers in Science p. 30 NS&T Chapter 2 Section 4 ST 1. Explain how technology NS&T influences the quality of life. Chapter 3 ST 4. Explain how the usefulness of Section 1 manufactured parts of an object Chapter 3 depends on how well their properties Project allow them to fit and interact with other p. 87 materials. ***Statement or Questions to guide instruction. State repeatedly throughout the unit. Benchmark Vocabulary Interventions Skills Lab p. 35 Student Edition on CD- CD 1 Technological advances Influenced Quality of life Trade-offs Aesthetics *Chapter 2 Sections 1-3 focus on measurement and can be done in conjunction with math unit. Video: The Work Of Scientists Video: Technological “Tech. & advances Engineering” Skills Lab p. 96 2 Toledo Public Schools Pacing Guide Grade 6 Science Quarter 1 Big Idea*** Indicators How do constraints affect the design process? Science Explorer NS&T Chapter 3 Section 2 Chapter Project ST 5. Design and build a product or create a solution to a problem given one constraint (e.g. limits of cost and time for design and production, supply of materials and environmental effects). p. 87 Give examples about ST 2. Explain how decisions about NS&T how products can have the use of products and systems Chapter 3 can result in desirable or both helpful and harmful Section 3 undesirable consequences (e.g. results (energy-saving social and environmental) light bulbs). ST 3. Describe how automation (e.g. Can you think of ways robots) has changed automation (robots) manufacturing including manual affects the job market? labor being replaced by highlyskilled jobs. Interventions Active Art p. 99 Technology Lab p. 106 Technology and Society p. 116 Active Art p. 121 Video: “Minerals” Chapter Project Benchmark Vocabulary Trade-offs Aesthetics Technological advances Inside Earth Earth & Space Sciences How are minerals identified? What are the properties of minerals? ES 3. Identify minerals by their characteristic properties. Inside Earth Careers in Science p. X Chapter 4 Sections 1-3 ***Statement or Questions to guide instruction. State repeatedly throughout the unit. Lithosphere Classified 3 Toledo Public Schools Pacing Guide Grade 6 Science Quarter 1 Other Indicators Addressed in Inside Earth Chapter 4 Big Idea What scientists have contributed to the science of geology? How are the procedures for these investigations determined? Why are different procedures used? After reading: Can you think of any consequences resulting from the processes used? Indicators SK 4 Describe how the pursuit of scientific knowledge is beneficial for any career and for daily life. SK 5 Research how men and women of all countries and cultures have contributed to the development of science. SK 1 Explain that there are not fixed procedures for guiding scientific investigations; however, the nature of an investigation determines the procedure used. ST 2. Explain how decisions about the use of products and systems can result in desirable or undesirable consequences (social or environmental). Science Explorer Inside Earth Careers in Science p. x Interventions Inside Earth Chapter 4 Section 1 Benchmark Vocabulary Thinking scientifically Sets of procedures Sets of procedures (Added discussion after the mineral tests introduced) Inside Earth Chapter 4 Section 2 Science & Society p. 128 www.SciLinks. org Surface Mining and Reclamation What type of change occurs during smelting? Explain. PS 2. Describe in a chemical change new substances are formed with different properties than the original substance. Inside Earth Chapter 4 Section 3 ***Statement or Questions to guide instruction. State repeatedly throughout the unit. 4 Toledo Public Schools Pacing Guide Grade 6 Science Quarter 1 Other Indicators Addressed in Inside Earth Chapter 4 Big Idea Indicators What changes occur during the production of metals from minerals? PS 4. Describe that chemical and physical changes occur all around us. Science Explorer Inside Earth Chapter 4 Section 3 Speakers: Auto Industry BP Corp. ST 1. Explain how technology Influences the quality of life. What safety issues should we be aware of while doing the lab? What do we have to do to complete the lab? SI 2. Choose appropriate tools or instruments and use relevant safety procedures to complete scientific investigations. (Provide materials to choose from and let students determine procedures and list safety considerations) Benchmark Vocabulary Interventions Inside Earth Chapter 4 ***Statement or Questions to guide instruction. State repeatedly throughout the unit. Chapter Project Consumer Lab p. 136 Tech. advances Quality of life Sets of procedures 5 Toledo Public Schools Pacing Guide Grade 6 Science Quarter 2 Big Idea Indicators Science Explorer Interventions Benchmark Vocabulary Inside Earth Earth & Space Sciences Identify minerals that can be found in rocks. ES 2. Explain that rocks are made of one or more minerals. What are the properties of the three kinds of rocks? ES 1. Describe the rock cycle and explain that there are sedimentary, igneous and metamorphic rocks that have distinct properties (e.g., color, texture) and are formed in different ways. How are the rocks formed? Illustrate the rock cycle. Inside Earth Chapter 5 Sections 1- 6 Chapter Project p. 143 Lithosphere Classified Magma Video: “Rocks” Skills Lab p. 163 Active Art p. 165 Design Your Own Lab p. 167 *Videos providing background knowledge on the Rock Cycle: Metamorphism Cycle Environment “Plate Tectonics,” “Earthquakes,” “Volcanoes” ***Statement or Questions to guide instruction. State repeatedly throughout the unit. 6 Toledo Public Schools Pacing Guide Grade 6 Science Quarter 2 Big Idea Indicators Science Explorer Benchmark Vocabulary Interventions Cells and Heredity & Animals Life Sciences What is the basic unit of an organism; what are the functions it provides? LS 1. Explain that many of the basic functions of organisms are carried out by or within cells and are similar in all organisms. How are the functions of cells similar in all organisms? Name an organ system LS 2. Explain that multicellular organisms have a variety of and explain its specialized cells, tissues, organs function. and organ systems that perform specialized functions. Plant and animal cells have different structures. Explain how they are different. LS 3. Identify how plant cells differ from animal cells (e.g., cell wall and chloroplasts). Cells & Heredity Careers in Science p. X•C Chapter 1, Sections 1&2 Chapter 2 Sections 1-4 Chapter Project p. c•5 Chapter Project p. C•43 ***Statement or Questions to guide instruction. State repeatedly throughout the unit. Video “Cell Structure and Function” Technology Lab p. 14 Active Art p. 21 Student Edition on CD #1 & 2 Internal structures Body plans Tissue Photosynthesis Video “Cell Properties and Energy” Active Art p. 46 Active Art p. 59 Science & Society p. 68 7 Toledo Public Schools Pacing Guide Grade 6 Science Quarter 2 Big Idea What is sexual reproduction? Explain why in sexual reproduction an offspring cannot be identical to a parent. Indicators LS 6. Describe that in sexual reproduction an egg and sperm unite and some traits come from each parent, so the offspring is never identical to either of its parents. Science Explorer Cells & Heredity Chapter 3 Sections 1-3 Chapter Project p. 75 LS 7. Recognize that likenesses between parents and offspring (e.g. eye color, flower color) are inherited. Other likenesses such as table manners are learned. Chapter 4 Section 1 ***Statement or Questions to guide instruction. State repeatedly throughout the unit. Interventions Skills Lab p. 9 Video “Modern Genetics” Active Art p. 119 Skills Lab p. 122 Skills Lab p. 139 Technology and Society p. 130 Benchmark Vocabulary Internal structures Inherited traits DNA Chromosomes Heredity Genetics Alleles 8 Toledo Public Schools Pacing Guide Grade 6 Science Quarter 2 Other Indicators Addressed Big Idea How is the formation of metamorphic rocks a chemical change? What changes are in these processes? How do the materials used in construction affect our quality of life? What is the desirable consequence? Indicators PS 2. Describe in a chemical change new substances are formed with different properties than the original substance. Science Explorer Inside Earth Chapter 5 p. 147 Chapter 5 p. 160 Interventions Benchmark Vocabulary Chemical processes Particles of Matter PS 4. Describe that chemical and physical changes occur all around us. Inside Earth Chapter 4 pp. 134-135 Cells and Heredity Chapter 2 p. 46 ST 1. Explain how technology influences Inside Earth the quality of life. Chapter 5 pp. 151, 156, ST 2. Explain how decisions about the use 162 of products and systems can result in Inside Earth desirable or undesirable consequences Chapter 5 (social or environmental). pp. 151, 156, 162 Tech. advances Cells and Heredity Science & Society p. 68 ***Statement or Questions to guide instruction. State repeatedly throughout the unit. 9 Toledo Public Schools Pacing Guide Grade 6 Science Quarter 2 Other Indicators Addressed Big Idea Indicators Science Explorer Inside Earth p. 184 Interventions Design Your Own Lab p. 167 Cells and Heredity p. 180 SI 1. Explain that there are not fixed procedures for guiding scientific investigations; however, the nature of an investigation determines the procedure used. Inside Earth p. 182 Chapter 4 Project Tech Lab p. 14 Discover Activity p. 157 Design Your Own Lab p. 167 What are you observing? What can you infer? SI 3. Distinguish between observation and inference. Inside Earth p. 178 Skills Lab p. 163 What is a hypothesis? SK 1. Identify that hypotheses are valuable even when they are not supported. Inside Earth p. 182 Interdisciplinary Exploration ST 5. Design and build a product or create a solution to a problem given one constraint (e.g., limits of cost and time for design and production, supply of materials and environmental effects). Why did you choose those procedures? Explain why all investigations do not use the same procedures. p. 172 Benchmark Vocabulary Aesthetics Technical Advances Inquiry processes Why are hypotheses valuable? ***Statement or Questions to guide instruction. State repeatedly throughout the unit. 10 Toledo Public Schools Pacing Guide Grade 6 Science Quarter 2 Other Indicators Addressed Big Idea What is the basis for this reading? Indicators SK 2. Describe why it is important to keep clear, thorough and accurate records. Science Explorer Inside Earth pp. 179 & 185 Interventions Video: “Rocks” Benchmark Vocabulary Inquiry processes Do scientists know for sure? SK 3. Identify ways scientific thinking is helpful in a variety of everyday settings. How is DNA used in an investigation? (i.e. Forensic investigations) Research scientists who have contributed to our understanding of heredity. Inside Earth p. 178 SK 4. Describe how the pursuit of scientific Inside Earth knowledge is beneficial for any career Careers in and for daily life. Science p. x SK 5. Research how men and women of all countries and cultures have contributed to the development of science. Cells and Heredity p. 10 ***Statement or Questions to guide instruction. State repeatedly throughout the unit. Video: “Rocks Skills Lab p. 163 Chapter Project p. 143 Tech & Design in History p. 8 11 Toledo Public Schools Pacing Guide Grade 6 Science Quarter 3 Animals & Environmental Science Life Science Big Idea Explain the functions of specialized cells. What are the two different types of reproduction and how are the traits from each passed on to the offspring? Science Explorer LS 2. Explain that multicellular organisms Animals have a variety of specialized cells, Careers in tissues, organs and organ systems Science that performs specialized functions. p. x•B LS 4. Recognize that an individual Chapter 1 organism does not live forever; Sections 1, therefore reproduction is necessary 3, 4 for the continuation of every species (Section 2 and traits are passed on to the next optional) generation through reproduction. Chapter LS 5. Describe that in asexual Project p. B•5 reproduction all the inherited traits come from a single parent. LS 6. Describe that in sexual reproduction an egg and sperm unite and some traits come from each parent, so the offspring is never identical to either of its parents. Indicators ***Statement or Questions to guide instruction. State repeatedly throughout the unit. Interventions “Video” “Animals” “Sponges, Cnidarians, and Worms” Student Edition CD #1 Sec. 1-4 Active Art p. 16 Discover Activity: pp. B•6, 15, & 26 Skills Lab: p. B•33 School Nurse Toledo Zoo Metro parks Benchmark Vocabulary Organisms Internal structures Body plans Inherited traits Continuation of species 12 Toledo Public Schools Pacing Guide Grade 6 Science Quarter 3 Animals & Environmental Science Life Science Big Idea What are some of the different interactions of organisms with each other? Indicators LS 8. Describe how organisms may interact with each other. *Research: focus on reproduction of different animals. Identify inherited and learned traits. Science Explorer Animals Chapter 2 Section 4 LS 7. Recognize that likenesses between parents and offspring (e.g., eye color, flower color) are inherited. Other likenesses, such as table manners are learned. LS 8. Describe how organisms may interact with each other. (Review of 5th grade indicator. Focus: interaction of different organisms including humans.) Chapters 3 & 4* Animals Chapter 5 Sections 1-3 Environmental Science Careers in Science p. x•E Chapter 1 Sections1-3 Chapter 2 Section 1 ***Statement or Questions to guide instruction. State repeatedly throughout the unit. Interventions Technology in Society p. 68 Video: “Animals” Student Edition on CD # 2 Sec. 4 Student Edition on CD #’s 3 & 4 Discover Activity p. 62 Benchmark Vocabulary Ecosystems Photosynthesis Transfer of energy Interaction of organisms Food chains Food wed Habitat Active Art p. 17 & 157 Video: “Populations & Communities” Video: “Ecosystems and Biomes” Chapter Project p. 41 13 Toledo Public Schools Pacing Guide Grade 6 Science Quarter 3 Other Indicators Addressed Big Idea How does the protection of the reefs affect society? Indicators ST 2. Explain how decisions about the use of products and systems can result in desirable or undesirable consequences (e.g. social and environmental). Science Explorer Animals What determines the procedure used in determining the size of a population? SI 1. Explain that there are not fixed procedures for guiding scientific investigations; however, the nature of an investigation determines the procedures needed. Environmental Science SK 4. Describe how the pursuit of scientific knowledge is beneficial for any career or daily life. Interventions Animals Careers in Science p. x p. 64 Environmental Science Careers in Science p. x Environmental Science p. 14 ***Statement or Questions to guide instruction. State repeatedly throughout the unit. Benchmark Vocabulary Science & Tech. Society p. 24 advances Tech & Influenced Society p. 68 Quality of Life Science & Society p. 22 Speakers: •Toledo Zoo • veterinarians Field trips: •Toledo Zoo • Metro parks Thinking scientifically 14 Toledo Public Schools Pacing Guide Grade 6 Science Quarter 4 Big Idea Indicators Science Explorer Benchmark Vocabulary Interventions Environmental Science and Chemical Building Blocks Physical Sciences Explain different ways energy resources can be managed. PS 8. Describe how renewable and Environmental nonrenewable energy resources can Science be managed (e.g., fossil fuels, trees Chapter 3 and water). Sections 1-3 Identify different resources used in the production of electrical energy? PS 7. Describe how electric energy can be produced from a variety of sources (e.g., sun, wind and coal). Explain the role of PS 5. Explain that energy found in nonrenewable resources such as fossil the sun in the fuels (e.g. oil, coal, and natural gas) formation of fossil fuels. originally came from the sun and may renew slowly over millions of years. What are sources PS 6. Explain that energy derived from renewable resources such as wind and examples of Renewable and and water is assumed to be available nonrenewable indefinitely. Environmental Science Chapter 4 Sections 14 Chapter 5 Section 2 Environmental Science Chapter 5 Sections 14 ***Statement or Questions to guide instruction. State repeatedly throughout the unit. Science and History p. 84 Active Art p. 90 PHSchool.com ced-5030 Speaker from First Energy Tech. Lab p. 172 Video “Energy Resources” Active Art p. 177 Technology and Design History p. 180 Biomass Hydroelectricity Geothermal Nuclear Solar Biomass Hydroelectricity Geothermal Nuclear Solar Biomass Hydroelectricity Geothermal Nuclear Solar 15 Toledo Public Schools Pacing Guide Grade 6 Science Quarter 4 Big Idea resources? Describe the processes by which various sources produce electric energy. Indicators PS 7. Describe how electric energy can be produced from a variety of sources (e.g., sun, wind and coal). Science Explorer Environmental Science Chapter 5 Sections 1-4 Benchmark Vocabulary www.ScLinks.org Biomass Web Code scn-0551 Hydroelectricity Geothermal Nuclear Solar Chemical Building Blocks Careers in Science p. x Chapter 1 Sections 1-3 8. Describe how renewable and nonrenewable energy resources can be managed (e.g., fossil fuels, trees and water). Why is there a need to manage our resources? How can they be managed? Do objects of the PS 1. Explain that equal volumes of same size different substances usually have different masses. (volume) have the PS 2. Describe that in a chemical change same mass? Explain. new substances are formed with different properties than the original substance (e.g., rusting, burning). PS 3. Describe that in a physical change (e.g., state, shape and size) the chemical properties of a substance remain unchanged. PS 4. Describe that chemical and physical changes occur all around us (e.g., in the human body, cooking and industry. ***Statement or Questions to guide instruction. State repeatedly throughout the unit. Interventions Video “Introduction to Matter” Active Art p. 25 Science & Society: p. 28 www.ScLinks.org Web Code: scn-1111 Matter 16 Toledo Public Schools Pacing Guide Grade 6 Science Quarter 4 Science Explorer PS 3. Describe that in a physical change What is a Chemical (e.g., state, shape and size) the chemical change? Building Blocks chemical properties of a substance Chapter 2 What is a physical remain unchanged. Sections 1 & 2 PS 4. Describe that chemical and physical Chapter 4 change? changes occur all around us (e.g., in Sections 1-4 When and where the human body, cooking and do chemical and industry. physical changes occur? Big Idea Indicators ***Statement or Questions to guide instruction. State repeatedly throughout the unit. Interventions Chapter Project p. 41 Skills Lab: p. 54 Technology Lab p. 126 Technology in Society p. 128 Active Art p. 144 Skills Lab: 126 www.ScLinks.org Web Code: scn-1143 Benchmark Vocabulary Matter 17 Toledo Public Schools Pacing Guide Grade 6 Science Quarter 4 Other Indicators Addressed Big Idea Indicators How does technology make our life better? ST 1. Explain how technology influences the quality of life. What are the consequences of our decisions in the use of technology? ST 2. Explain how decisions about the use of products and systems can result in desirable or undesirable consequences (social or environmental). ST 4. Explain how the usefulness of manufactured parts of an object depends on how well their properties allow them to fit and interact with other materials. Science Explorer Environmental Science Chapter 4 Sections 1, 2, 3, 4 Chapter 5 Section 4 Chemical Building Blocks Careers in Science p. x Environmental Science Chapter 3 Section 1 pp. 82-93 Environmental Science Chapter 4 Sections 1-5 ***Statement or Questions to guide instruction. State repeatedly throughout the unit. Benchmark Vocabulary Interventions Science & Society pp. 28-29 Technology and Society pp. 128-129 Tech. advances Quality of life Tech. advances Quality of life 18 Toledo Public Schools Pacing Guide Grade 6 Science Quarter 4 Other Indicators Addressed Big Idea Indicators ST 5. Design and build a product or create a solution to a problem given one constraint (e.g. limits of cost and time or design and production, supply of materials and environmental effects). Science Explorer Environmental Science Explain why all investigations do not use the same procedures. SI 1. Explain that there are not fixed procedures for guiding scientific investigations; however, the nature of an investigation determines the procedures needed. Environmental Science What safety procedures and tools were needed to complete your investigation? How are these careers and ways of thinking helpful in your everyday life? What scientific knowledge is needed for these careers? SI 2. Choose the appropriate tools or instruments and use relevant safety procedures to complete scientific investigations. Environmental Science SK 3. Identify ways scientific thinking is helpful in a variety of everyday settings. SK 4. Describe how the pursuit of scientific knowledge is beneficial for any career and for daily life. Interventions Technology Lab p. 162 Chapter 4 Project p. 115 Chapter 5 Technology Lab p. 172 Chapter 4 Skills Lab pp. 131-132 Chemical Building Blocks Careers in Science p. x Environmental Science ***Statement or Questions to guide instruction. State repeatedly throughout the unit. Benchmark Vocabulary Trade-offs Aesthetics Design Your Own Lab p. 144 Writing in Science p. 3 Tech & Design p. 122 Science and History pp. 84-85 19 Toledo Public Schools Pacing Guide Grade 6 Science Quarter 4 Other Indicators Addressed Big Idea Research scientists who have contributed to the management of resources or the development of renewable sources of energy. Indicators Science Explorer Interventions Benchmark Vocabulary SK 5. Research how men and women of all countries and cultures have contributed to the development of science. ***Statement or Questions to guide instruction. State repeatedly throughout the unit. 20