Chapter 15 Respiration System
Section 1
Name __________________________
Date __________________Period ____
A. Functions of the respiratory system—supply ___________ to the body
1. ______________ is the movement of the chest that brings air into the lungs and removes
waste gases.
2. _____________ ________________—oxygen is used by the cells to release energy from
glucose
3. The waste products of cellular respiration are ___________ ____________ and water.
B. Organs of the respiratory system
1. The ____________ is a tubelike passageway used by food, liquid, and air; lower end has a
tissue flap called the epiglottis, to prevent food or liquid from entering the airway.
2. Air passes through the ___________, which contains the vocal cords used to speak.
3. ____________—tube held open by rings of cartilage;
4. At the lower end of the trachea, two short tubes called ____________ branch into smaller
tubes
5. Smallest tubes are bronchioles, which end in clusters of ____________.
6. The alveoli are surrounded by ________________. This is where oxygen enters the blood
and waste products exit the blood.
C. Why do you ____________?
1. Signals from your brain tell muscles in your chest and abdomen to _____________ and relax.
a. If carbon dioxide levels in the blood increase, your ______________ rate increases.
b. If ___________ ____________ levels decrease, breathing rate decreases.
2. ______________—muscle that contracts and relaxes to move gas into and out of the lungs
D. Diseases and Disorders of Respiratory System
1. Respiratory infections—colds, the flu, ______________
2. ____________ _______________—bronchial tubes become irritated and swell; too much
mucus is produced; excess coughing can damage cilia, form scar tissue, and reduce
respiratory system function
3. ______________—disease of the alveoli, which enlarge and fail to function effectively
a. Causes shortness of ___________.
b. Can often lead to __________ problems.
4. _________ ___________ uncontrolled cell growth in lung tissue
a. ____________ is the greatest contributing factor.
b. Tar and other ingredients in smoke are ________________
5. ___________—disorder in which bronchial tubes contract quickly, causing shortness of
breath, wheezing, or coughing
Directions: Label the parts of the respiratory system shown in the diagram below.
Directions: In the space provided below, write the name of the structure indicated.
_____________________________8. warms and moistens air; filters dust particles
_____________________________9. transports air to the lungs
____________________________10. prevents food from entering the trachea
____________________________11. oxygen passes into the capillaries
____________________________12. organ made up of masses of alveoli
____________________________13. a sheet of muscle across the bottom of the chest cavity
____________________________14. a division of the trachea
Directions: Label each statement below as a description of either inhalation or exhalation.
Write the word inhale or exhale in the space provided below.
____________________________15. The diaphragm contracts.
____________________________16. Air pressure in the chest cavity increases.
____________________________17. The gases inside the lungs are pushed out through air passages.
____________________________18. Air pressure in the chest cavity decreases.
____________________________19. The volume of the chest cavity increases.