Chapter 1:
Atoms: The Quantum World
1. What two measurable aspects of electromagnetic radiation always equal the speed of
light when they are multiplied together?
a. Intensity and frequency.
b. Wavelength and amplitude.
c. Wavelength and frequency.
d. Amplitude and frequency.
Answer:
C
2. What phenomenon is defined by electrons being ejected from a metal surface when it
is bombarded by radiation above a certain, threshold frequency?
a. The wave - particle duality.
b. The photon electron effect.
c. The Stefan - Boltzmann Law.
d. The photoelectric effect.
Answer:
D
3. What is a wave function?
a. A mathematical function that varies with time.
b. A mathematical function that varies with position.
c. A semi-quantitative, mathematical function that varies with position.
d. A semi-quantitative, mathematical function that varies with amplitude.
Answer:
B
4. What is defined by the principle quantum number, n?
a. The energy levels of a hydrogen atom.
b. The energy bursts of a hydrogen atom.
c. The direction of the orbitals of an atom.
d. The orientation of the orbitals of an atom.
Answer:
A
5. What does the orbital angular momentum quantum number specify?
a. The size of an orbital.
b. The shape of an orbital.
c. The orientation of an orbital.
d. The number of electrons in an orbital.
Answer:
B
6. How is electron density distributed at a nodal plane?
a. There is a large amount of electron density there.
b. There is only a small amount of electron density there.
c. There is no electron density there.
d. There is a concentration of electron density there.
Answer:
C
7. How many electrons can occupy a single orbital?
a. 3
b. 2
c. 1
d. 0
Answer:
B
8. Where are valence electrons located?
a. In the innermost shell.
b. In the shell second from the outer shell of an atom.
c. In the outermost shell.
d. In any electron shell.
Answer:
C
9.
a.
b.
c.
d.
What does Hund’s Rule state?
That no two electrons in an atom can have the same four quantum numbers.
That no two atoms can have the same Z.
When electrons half fill the orbitals in a shell, the electrons must have the same spin.
If more than one orbital in a subshell is available, electrons will half fill each orbital
prior to pairing in an orbital.
Answer:
D
10. How is the exact radius of an atom measured?
a. The exact radius cannot be measured.
b. Through combining the atom with several other atoms and averaging the bond
distances.
c. Through averaging the atomic radii of the two atoms adjacent on the periodic table to
the atom in question.
d. Through the use of a van der Waal’s micrometer.
Answer:
A
11. Why do ionization energies typically increase down a group?
a. Because there are more electron shells as you move down a group.
b. Because the valence electrons are more polarizable.
c. Because the electron shells are farther from the nucleus.
d. They do not; rather they decrease down a group.
Answer:
D
12. A diagonal relationship involves similarity in properties between what elements?
a. Between diagonal neighbors of any groups of the periodic table.
b. Between diagonal neighbors of the main groups of the periodic table.
c. Between diagonal neighbors only in the transition metals of the periodic table.
d. Between diagonal neighbors solely in the non-metal groups of the periodic table.
Answer:
B
13. What chemical properties do all s-block metals share?
a. They all form acidic oxides.
b. They are all non-reactive elements.
c. They are all reactive elements.
d. They all do not form oxides.
Answer:
C
14. Why do transition metals of the same period have very different properties?
a. Because of the differences in the number of outer shell d - electrons.
b. Because of the differences in atomic radii.
c. Because of the differences in inner shell d - electrons.
d. They do not; rather, their properties are usually similar.
Answer:
D
15. Which of the following is a characteristic of the transition metals?
a. The ability to have negative oxidation numbers, because of the gain of electrons.
b. The ability to exist in more than one oxidation state.
c. The ability of each transition metal to exist as a solid or liquid at room temperature.
d. There are no special characteristics of the transition metals.
Answer:
B
16. Which is the best description of a p orbital?
a. A region where the electron will be found in two lobes.
b. A region where the + and – charge of the electron are shown.
c. A region of high probability of finding an electron.
d. A mathematical function.
Answer:
D