HOW TO STUDY FOR SOCIAL STUDIES TEST:
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Review this basic vocabulary
Review all of your notes for this unit – especially notes
Use Mr. Torrens’ QUIZLET reviews on his website
Reread chapter two in your textbook.
Review Evolutionary Tree Power Point (on Mrs. Newell’s website)
Prehistory – period of time before recorded history
Anthropology – study of characteristics of customs of people
 cultural – how people live
 physical – how people look
Archaeology – study of the past through excavation
Philosophy – study of life, truth, reality, and things with no answers
Legends – stories passed through generations that explain something
Fossils – imprint of a dead thing
Artifacts – things made by man
Remains – actual parts of a dead thing ( bones, teeth )
Excavate - digging
Carbon 14 dating – a way archaeologists can tell the age of
specimens
Mary Leaky – discovered prehuman footprints 3.6 million years old
Charles Darwin – created the idea of the “survival of the fittest”
Natural selection – only the strongest of the species survives
Willard Libby – discovered how to use carbon dating 14
Paleolithic Age – Old Stone Age
Band – group of 30-50 people
Specialization – development of jobs
Australopithecus Africanus – one of the earliest prehumans discovered; “southern
ape of Africa” ~ LUCY was an Australopithecus Africanus
Ardipithicus Ramidus – “GROUND ROOT”
Neanderthal – first humans to bury their dead, named after the
Neander River in Germany
Homo habilis – “ Man with ability”
Homo erectus – “ Man who walks upright”
Homo sapiens – “Man who thinks”
Australopithecus Afarensis – southern ape of Africa
Ramapithecus – tooth pattern is like man
Pitfalls – used to capture animals
Cro-Magnon – first to practice art; first modern human beings
Burin – tool that looks like a chisel
Spear throwers – weapon used to capture animals
Domesticated - tamed
Neolithic Age – New Stone Age
Post-and-lintel – wood and stone placed across two upright poles;
this was the first system of building houses
Chief – Neolithic ruler (government)
Land bridges – how early humans were able to leave Africa
Shaman - priest
Mammoth – large hairy elephant
Pan Gu – according to legend, the first Chinese man
Earliest known villages: Jericho, Abu Hureyra, Catal Huyuk
Neolithic Revolution: beginning of farming
Earth Mother: Goddess of fertility
Homo Antecessor: Man’s Forbearer
Homo Sapiens sapiens: man who thinks twice as much
Homo sapiens examples: Neanderthals & Cro-Magnons
HUMAN BEINGS:
Kingdom: Animal
Phylum: Chordata
Class: mammal
Order: primate
Family: hominid
Genus: homo
Species: sapiens