Acids and bases review sheet Answer key
1. List the differences between an acid and a base. Your description should include such things as
whether both are electrolytes, which contains a hydrogen ion and which includes a hydroxide ion,
and you should also include two examples of an acid and two examples of a base that are present
in your household.
Acid
base
Conducts electricity
Contains hydrogen ion
Proton donor
Turns litmus paper red
React with most metals
Releases hydronium
Ex: lemon
Vinegar
Battery acid (sulfuric acid)
conducts electricity
contains hydroxide ion
proton acceptor
turns litmus paper blue
releases hydroxide ion
Ex: Windex
bleach
soap
2. Listed below are some of the properties of acids and bases. Fill in the blanks with the
appropriate word, acids or bases:
a) ____A___ produce hydrogen ions (H+) in solution
b) ___B____ have a bitter taste
c) ____ B ___ produce hydroxide ions (OH-) ions
d) ____ A ___ react with bases to form salts
e) ___ A ____ have a sour taste
f) ___ B ____ have a slippery, soapy feel
g) ___ B ____ react with acids to form salts
h) ___ A ____ react with many metals
3. Write an equation for the dissociation of the following acids in water: follow example
a) HClO4  H+ + ClO4-
d) H2S  2H+ + S2-
b) H2SO4  2H+ + SO42-
e) HCl  H+ + Cl-
c) HC2H3O2  H+ + C2H3O2-
f) HNO3  H+ + NO3-
4. Write an equation for the dissociation (ionization) of the following bases in water: (follow
example)
a) Mg(OH)2  Mg+2 + 2OH-
d) KOH  K+ + OH-
b) NaOH  Na+ + OH-
e) Mg(OH)2  Mg2+ + 2(OH-)
c) Ba(OH)2  Ba2+ + 2 (OH-)
f) LiOH  Li+ + OH-
5) A. What type of reaction is a neutralization reaction? Double replacement
B. Write the net equation for neutralization:
H+ + OH-  H2O
C. Write the balanced equation for these neutralization reactions: (remember to balance charges
for ionic compounds!)
1) HCl + NaOH  NaCl + H2O
2) HNO3 + KOH  KNO3 + H2O
3) H2CO3 + Ca(OH)2  CaCO3 + 2H2O
6) Write the equation for the ionization of HNO3 in water, labeling each acid/base pair:
HNO3 (aq) + H2O (l)  H3O+(aq) + NO3-(aq)
Acids: _______ HNO3___________,_______ H3O+ ___________
Bases: ________ H2O __________,_______ NO3-__________
7) Write the equation for the ionization of NH3 (a weak base) in water, labeling each acid/base
pair:
NH3 (aq) + H2O  NH4+ (aq) + OH- (aq)
Acids: _______ H2O ___________,_______ NH4+___________
Bases: _______ NH3___________,_______ OH- __________
8) You are given a solution of 0.165 M HCl and are told to find the molarity of an unknown
NaOH solution. It takes 35.92 mL of NaOH and 23.62 mL of HCl to reach the endpoint. What is
the molarity of the NaOH solution?
Ma .Va = Mb . Vb
Mb = .19 M
9) A 3.0 mL sample of HNO3 solution is exactly neutralized by 6.0 mL of 0.50 M KOH. What is
the molarity of the HNO3 solution?
Ma = 1M
10) How many milliliters of 2.5 M HCl are required to exactly neutralize 1.5 L of 5.0 M NaOH?
Va = 3000mL