Задания для самостоятельной работы
Вариант 1
I.
Сопоставьте слова.
1) Supreme
2) Legislative
3) Hereditary
4) House of Commons
5) To reign
6) To rule
7) Monarchy
8) Power
9) Government
10)
Heir
II.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
Палата общин
Править, царствовать
Монархия
Законодательный
Верховный
Наследник
Власть
Правительство
Управлять
Наследственный
Переведите слова и словосочетания с английского языка на
русский
Queen, authority, elective, to summon, to prorogue, to dissolve, to conclude,
treaty, to declare war, to make peace.
III.
Переведите слова с русского языка на английский
Конституционный, лидер, сессия, речь, трон, смерть, принц, ограничивать,
действительный, большинство.
IV.
Переведите предложения с английского на русский
1. The Parliament is the supreme legislative authority in Britain.
2. Queen’s powers are limited by the Parliament.
3. The Prime Minister is usually the leader of the party that obtains a
majority in the House of Commons.
4. The Queen summons, prorogues and dissolves Parliament.
5. The Queen has the power to conclude treaties.
6. In practice the Monarch has no actual power.
7. The heir of Queen Elizabeth II is her son Prince Charles.
8. The Government may hold office for five years.
9. The Government is the party which has majority of seats in the House
of Commons.
10. Queen Elizabeth II came to the throne after the death of her father.
V.
Переведите текст с английского языка на русский
Monarchy in Britain
Great Britain is a monarchy, but the Queen of Britain is not absolute but
constitutional. Her powers are limited by the Parliament. The Parliament is the
supreme legislative authority in Britain. Queen’s power is hereditary and not
elective.
In practice the Monarch has no actual power: they say¹ the Monarch
reigns but does not rule. The Prime Minister is usually the leader of the party
that obtains a majority in the House of Commons. That party which has
majority of seats in the House of Commons is called the Government. The
Government may hold office for five years.
The Queen summons, prorogues and dissolves Parliament. Normally she
opens each session with a speech from the throne. The Queen has the power to
conclude treaties, to declare war and make peace.
Queen Elizabeth II came to the throne in 1952 after the death of her
father, King George VI. She has four children: one daughter and 3 sons. The
Queen’s heir is Charles, Prince of Wales.
_____________________
¹ they say – говорят
VI.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Письменно ответьте на вопросы к тексту
Is Great Britain a monarchy or a republic?
What is the supreme legislative authority in Britain?
What is called the Government?
What power does the Queen have?
When did Queen Elizabeth II come to the throne?
I.
Задания для самостоятельной работы
Вариант 2
Сопоставьте слова.
1) case
2) judiciary
3) presiding
4) Justice of the Peace
5) barrister
6) evidence
7) Magistrates' Court
8) office
9) consideration
10) on account (of)
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
доказательство; свидетельские показания
суд магистратов, мировой суд
должность
взгляд; рассуждение
судебное дело
на основании
председательствующий
суд, судебная власть
барристер, адвокат
мировой судья
II. Переведите слова с английского языка на русский
To derive, to summarize, salary, to deal with, unpaid, to select, training, to draw,
to be removed, separate.
III. Переведите слова с русского языка на английский
Преступление, суд, зависеть, судья, толкование, суд присяжных, платить,
гарантировать, гражданин, правовой (юридический).
IV. Переведите предложения с английского на русский
1. The judge summarizes the case for the jury.
2. When the hearing was over the judge read the sentence.
3. Judges are not a separate profession, they are appointed from the
barristers.
4. The professional judges deal with the most serious crimes.
5. The jury in criminal cases returns only one of the two verdicts — Guilty
or Not Guilty.
6. The functions of the judge are to put questions to the parties and
witnesses, examine the documents and evidence.
7. «Magistrates» or «Justices of the Peace» are unpaid judges.
8. A barrister must pass the special legal exams.
9. The judge interprets the law and passes the sentence.
10.She can give very important evidence.
V. Переведите текст с английского языка на русский
Judges
The judge is the presiding officer of the court. Judges are not themselves a
separate profession: they are barristers who have been elevated to the bench 1,
itself a name derived from the part of the Court where they sit.
The judge decides the interpretation of the law. After all the evidence has
been given the judge summarizes the case, both law and facts, for the jury. This
is called his summing up.
Judges cannot be removed from office on account of political
considerations — the independence of the judiciary is, at least theoretically,
guaranteed.
The professional judges, «High Court Judges», deal with the most serious
crimes. They are paid salaries by the state. Alongside with professional judges
there are unpaid judges. They are called «Magistrates» or «Justices of the
Peace» (JPs). They are ordinary citizens who are selected not because they have
any legal training but because they have «sound common sense2 and
understanding of their fellow human beings. They give up their time voluntarily.
Magistrates are selected by special committees in every town and district.
Nobody, not even the Magistrates themselves, knows who is on the special
committee in their area. The committee tries to draw Magistrates from different
professions and social classes.
The work of the Magistrates' Courts throughout the country depends on
the unpaid services of JPs.
Notes:
...be elevated to the bench — возвысить до положения судьи (букв. скамья,
используется в собирательном смысле по отношению к судьям или
магистратам в суде).
2
"sound common sense" — (зд.) чувство здравого смысла
1
VI.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Письменно ответьте на вопросы к тексту
Are judges themselves a separate profession?
What is judge's summing up?
What do professional judges deal with?
Are magistrates paid salaries?
Who are magistrates selected by?
What does the work of Magistrates' Courts depend on?
Задания для самостоятельной работы
Вариант 3
I.
Сопоставьте слова.
1) appear
2) appearance
3) bar [bα:]
4) the Crown Court
5) juror
6) jury
7) obligation
8) retire
9) retry [rı´traı]
10) guilty
II.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
повторно разбирать дело
появление, явка в суд
выступать в суде
суд короны
адвокатура
суд присяжных
обязательство
присяжный заседатель
виновен
уходить в отставку
Переведите слова и словосочетания с английского языка на
русский.
Occupation, ineligible, clergy, ex-prisoner, unanimous, police officer,
agreement, case, to stretch, essentially.
III.
Переведите слова с русского языка на английский.
Барристер, солиситор, вердикт, уголовный, решение, служба, избиратель,
большинство, судья, право.
IV.
Переведите предложения с английского на русский.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
The use of the jury in English law stretches far into history.
The clergy and the mentally ill are ineligible to jury service.
A jury is normally composed of twelve persons.
The call to jury service is regarded as an obligation.
The jury’s verdict must be unanimous.
The case is retried before another jury.
Only 6 – 7 % of jury decisions are by a majority verdict.
8. Juries appear in criminal cases in the Crown Courts.
9. The juries determine the facts.
10.The judge sums up the case.
V.
Переведите текст с английского языка на русский.
JURIES
The use of the jury in English law stretches far into history. To qualify for
jury service it is necessary to be a registered elector between the ages of 18 and
65. All those people connected with the law by way of occupation (including exprisoners) are ineligible to jury service, as well as the clergy and the mentally ill.
Barristers, solicitors and police officers must have retired from that work for a
minimum of ten years. The call to jury service is regarded as an obligation.
A jury is normally composed of twelve persons whose names have been
selected at random1 from the list of qualified jurors for the area. Its verdict must
be unanimous (it is essentially one of «guilty» or «not guilty») and, in the event
of failure to reach agreement, the case is retried before another jury. Only 6 – 7 %
of jury decisions are by a majority verdict.
Juries most frequently appear in criminal cases in the Crown Courts. The
function of the jury is to determine the facts, having heard the judge's summing
up and his directions on questions of law.
1
at random – наугад, случайно
VI.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Письменно ответьте на вопросы к тексту.
What is necessary to qualify for jury service?
Who is ineligible to jury service?
How many persons is a jury composed of?
What are the peculiarities of returning a verdict by a jury?
What cases do juries most frequently appear in?
Задания для самостоятельной работы
Вариант 4
I.
Сопоставьте слова.
1. suffrage
2. citizen
3. mass media
4. majority
5. elect
6. elector
7. represent
8. voter
9. receive
10. as well as
II.
а) также, как
b) избирательно
c) гражданин
d) получать
e) представлять
f) выборщик
g) выбирать
h) большинство
i) избирательное право
j) средства массовой информации
Перепишите и переведите слова и выражения с английского
языка на русский.
take part, elections, according to the constitution, all organs, state power, adult
population, universal, equal, direct suffrage, secret ballot, local authorities
III.
Перепишите и переведите слова и выражения с русского языка
на английский.
выборы президента, голос, избиратели каждого штата, отдавать голоса,
кандидаты,
на
практике,
большинство
голосов,
должен
зарегистрироваться, в соответствии с законами, первичные выборы,
IV.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Перепишите и переведите предложения с английского на
русский.
She will take part in the elections.
Her vote isn’t a direct one.
In November voters in each state give their votes for candidates.
The electors must vote for the candidate.
5. The candidate who gets majority of votes in their state.
6. His majority is very small.
7. Every citizen must register in accordance with the Laws of his state.
8. The right of participating in “primaries”.
9. The US constitution guarantees every citizen the right to vote.
10. Political platforms are practically alike.
V.
Перепишите и переведите текст на русский язык.
ELECTIONS
Jane Snow will also take part in the elections of the President next year.
But her vote isn't a direct one. In November voters in each state give their votes
for candidates. By practice the electors must vote for the candidate who gets
majority of votes in their state even if his majority is very small. Before voting
in November every citizen must register in accordance with the laws of his state.
This gives him the right of participating .in «primaries»2. The US constitution
guarantees every citizen the right to vote but the states with the help of
numerous qualifications deprive a lot of people of this right. And those who do
vote can only make their choice practically between two sets of candidates —
Democrats and Republicans whose political platforms are practically alike.
Notes: 1. universal, equal and direct suffrage by secret ballot -всеобщее,
равное и прямое избирательное право при тайном голосовании.
2. «primaries» - первичные выборы.
VI.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Ответьте на вопросы к тексту (письменно).
When do voters in each state give their votes for candidates?
How should the electors vote in practice ?
How will the deputies inform their electors?
When will Jane Snow take part in the elections?
Why is her vote not a direct one?
Задания для самостоятельной работы
Вариант 5
I.
Сопоставьте слова.
1) State
2) society
3) stage
4) development
5) private
6) property
7) contradictions
8) machinery
9) keep order
10) power
II.
а) власть
b) механизм
c) сохранить порядок
d) собственность
e) противоречия
f) развитие
g) стадия
n) общество
i) государство
j) частная
Переведите слова и выражения с английского языка на русский.
divide men, definite stage of development, class contradictions, political power,
ruling class, machinery of government, the army, the police, the courts, state
organs, the chief of the state, parliament
III.
Переведите слова и выражения с русского языка на английский.
продукт общества, частная собственность, позволяет им, эксплуатировать
друг друга, созданный, помогает им, классовое общество, политическая
власть, система, официальные институты
IV.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Переведите предложения с английского на русский.
The state is a product of society.
A definite stage of the state development.
Private property divides men.
In this way class contradictions begin.
The special machinery created by the class of exploiters.
The state helps them to keep order.
The state is an instrument of political power of ruling class.
8. The state is a system of official institutions and organs.
9. This system of organs is the machinery of government.
10. This machine includes such organs as the army, the police, the courts.
V.
Переведите текст с английского на русский.
THE STATE
The state is a product of society at a definite stage of its development.
Private property divides men and allows them to exploit each other and in this
way class contradictions begin. The special machinery created by the class of
exploiters - the state helps them to keep order. In a class society the state is an
instrument of political power of the ruling class. The state is a system of official
institutions and organs. This system of organs is the machinery of government,
the state machine. This machine includes such organs as the army, the police,
the courts. The other part of the state machine consists of the system of state
organs including the chief of the state (an individual or collective), parliament,
government, departments and other organs. These organs are political; they are
the organs of state power of the ruling class. The constitution, legislation or
traditions regulate the power of each state organ. Different types of states have
different functions. That's why we speak about the state only as the historical
category.
Notes: 1. either - в отрицательных предложениях соответствует
русским словам тоже, также. Слова too, also в отрицательных
предложениях не употребляются.
VI.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Ответьте на вопросы к тексту.
What divides men in society?
What allows men to exploit each other?
Give the definition of the state.
What way do class contradictions begin?
Name the political state organs.
Why do we speak about the State only as the historical category?