On this week's Behind the News
 It's got scientists really excited, so what's so special about finding the Higgs boson particle?
 We find out why teenage boys are going to be getting a new vaccine from next year.
 And we check out Battlegrounds an event where Hip Hop dancers go head-tohead.
Hi I'm Nathan Bazley, welcome to Behind the News. Also on the show today, we check out a fun event that's a bit like an Olympics for kelpies. Before all that let's start with a round-up of some of the big news stories this week. Here's Tash with the
Wire.
There's been a tragedy in the US state of Colorado. A gunman opened fire on moviegoers, who were watching the latest Batman film. Twelve people were killed and more than 50 others hurt.
GIRL: At first I was so scared, I didn't even know what to do like we just ducked down under the seats.
The suspected gunman is in police custody. The attack has got people talking once again about whether the U.S. should have tougher gun laws.
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China's capital Beijing has been hit by severe rain storms which have so far killed more than 30 people. Lots of streets have flooded and many buildings have collapsed leaving people unable to go home. It's the heaviest rainstorm to hit China in sixty years.
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And a Melbourne woman has won a multi-million dollar legal battle, over the controversial drug Thalidomide. The pill was taken by thousands of pregnant women around the 1950s and 60s to help treat morning sickness. Thalidomide left some babies without any arms or legs and Lynette was one of those babies.
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There are more than one hundred other people in Australia and New Zealand who could receive compensation from the company that distributed the drug.
Reporter: Nathan Bazley
INTRO: Well the countdown is on to one of the biggest shows on earth the 2012
Olympic Games in London. Right now athletes are getting stuck into their final preparations. But they're not the only ones! London has a lot of work to do to make sure this huge event goes off without a hitch. Let's take a look.
NATHAN BAZLEY, REPORTER: The mission is go. The battleground? Downtown
London. Wait, what?!
Yes, the place famous for Buckingham Palace and Big Ben, fish and chips and rain is now showing off some much more serious sights. There is an aircraft carrier sitting in the Thames. Fighter jets and helicopters ready to scramble. Even missile batteries scattered right next to or on top of people's homes!
LAWYER: They do not need to consult you. But can take over your home, and put a missile on your roof, a tank on your lawn, or soldiers in your front living room.
This is what it's like hosting the modern Olympic Games. Security has been one of the biggest worries for games organisers ever since the September 11 terrorist attacks. Now every precaution has to be taken, because one lapse could mean disaster. But security isn't the only thing on the 'to do' list in the lead-up to the games.
MARTHA: Hello, Martha's party planners! We put the 'art' in party! What can I help you with?
OLYMPICS ORGANISER: Yes hello, I need some advice please! I'm organising the
London Olympics and I don't know where to start!
MARTHA: Well you've come to the right place darling! First step is to make sure people can get there.
More than 10,000 athletes, 7500 team officials and heaps of gear. It's a lot of people to invite to a party!
And most of them will be arriving through one airport. Expect problems!
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Once there, the athletes have to make it to all their different events. So organisers have made these special Olympic-only lanes, so athletes' buses can skip the traffic.
Great for them, not so great for Londoners just trying to get around!
OLYMPICS ORGANISER: Okay I've got all that settled, sort of. What's next?
MARTHA: Well it's always courteous to make sure friends have a place to stay when they come over for a party. And make sure they have something to eat too darling!
In the case of the London Olympics, it's more like 16,000 friends crashing for a few weeks! So here's their digs: the athletes village. Nice beanbags. And when hunger strikes, this 5000 seat dining room will be where the athletes fill up. 1.2 million meals will be served right here.
OLYMPICS ORGANISER: Right, spare beds sorted. Anything else Martha?
MARTHA: Looks like you're all ready darling! Just make sure nothing goes wrong!
Unexpected problems can be a big distraction when you're trying to throw the party of the year!
OLYMPICS ORGANISER: Ha! What could possibly go wrong!
Remember how security is the biggest worry for games organisers? Well you guessed it, that's exactly what's gone wrong! It turns out that the number of security guards needed to protect all the venues was hugely underestimated.
A private company was meant to hire and train up to 13,000 guards, but they fell really short. So soldiers are being brought in to make up the difference. And some of the guards they did hire aren't doing particularly well. At one venue, just 17 of 56 guards actually turned up for their first day of work. Now that's a worry! Of course, organisers say it’s all just teething problems and once things get underway, the show will speak for itself. And if not, they'll have Martha to answer to!
MARTHA: Oh darling!
Reporter: Matt Holbrook
INTRO: While you were on your school holidays there was an announcement about a really important scientific discovery. Scientists found something called the Higgs boson particle. It's being described as the biggest scientific find of the 21st century.
So what is it and why is it such a big deal? Matt explains.
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MATTHEW HOLBROOK, REPORTER: Have you ever tried to piece together a puzzle, and when you start, nothing seems to fit? But after a while it all starts to take shape, until with that final piece, the whole picture is revealed.
Well, for scientists, finding the Higgs boson particle was a bit like that.
GEOFF TAYLOR, UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE: It's clearly one of the biggest discoveries that we're looking for and has been for the last hundred years, that's for sure.
Scientists have gotten pretty good at explaining everything around us. But for years and years there's been something missing. Scientists didn't know why things had mass.
REPORTER: Every one of us and everything around us has mass. But have you ever tried to pick up or feel light? You can't, it doesn't have mass, and scientists have always wondered why it's different. Well the answer could be the mysterious Higgs boson!
It affects different particles in different ways. While light passes right through, other particles get bogged down, and that's what gives them mass. You could think of those tiny particles like a celebrity at a party.
At the start of the party, Justin Bieber rocks up by himself, so he has no mass. But as he enters and starts mingling, everyone huddles around him to get a closer look, following him wherever he goes. The people following Bieber are like Higgs boson particles, and they give mass to the Bieber particle in the room.
Higgs particles are way too small to see, but scientists have thought for a long time they existed, because of this guy, Peter Higgs. He came up with the idea in the sixties, but we never had the technology to test whether or not it actually existed until now.
Welcome to the Large Hadron Collider, twenty seven kilometres of pipe under the ground in Switzerland. It's designed to send tiny particles whizzing into each other at close to the speed of light. It's basically a really expensive way of smashing things together to look at the even tinier particles inside. And by examining the wreckage, scientists found the Higgs. It's one of the biggest scientific discoveries ever, and it could help to explain how the universe came to be what it is.
DR PETER JENNI, CERN: I think it's a very important milestone in our quest to understand the beauty of nature. When we understand the laws of physics we are able to develop technologies for the benefit of society.
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Scientists say they're 99.99 per cent sure about what they've found, but they're going to keep doing a few tests, just to remove all doubt. And from there, the things that could come from this discovery in the future are mind blowing. So for the Higgs boson, the sky, or really the whole universe, is truly the limit.
Presenter: Wow, who said particle physics was easy! Let's see how you do with our quiz.
The question is:
What's the name of a particle of light?
Quark
Photon
Electron
Answer: Photon
Photon comes from the word photo which means light.
Reporter: Natasha Thiele
INTRO: For a few years now Aussie schoolgirls have been given a vaccine to protect them against cervical cancer. It's called Gardasil and it's been working so well the Federal Government has decided boys can benefit from it too. So what is the vaccine and why are boys now getting it? Tash finds out.
NATASHA THIELE, REPORTER: It's a familiar sight, lining up to see the school nurse to get a jab. No-one really likes it, but in the end we all know that it's supposed to do us good. These girls share something in common. They've all had a Gardasil injection. It's a vaccination that girls normally get and it does a very important job. It prevents something called 'Human Papillomavirus' or HPV for short.
HPV is a sexually transmitted infection and most people that have it don't even know they've got it. For some people it can mean a nasty infection which eventually goes
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away. But for some girls it can lead to more serious things like cervical cancer. That's when cells in the cervix become abnormal and grow out of control.
This guy is Professor Ian Frazer. He came up with the Gardasil vaccine and it works in fighting off HPV.
REPORTER: Imagine this is a virus. Well, researchers took out the dangerous, infectious part on the inside but kept the outside the same. It's a way of tricking the body into thinking it's the real thing, then your immune system kicks in to attack it.
That way if the actual virus ever comes along, your body remembers how to fight it off!
The vaccine was made available in 2007. Since then, more than 65-million doses have been given out around the world.
GIRL 1: I hate injections, it was better to get it than not to get sick.
GIRL 2: Well I think it's good, it's going to stop the spread of the disease.
GIRL 3: It hurt a bit, but it's worth getting it than getting cancer.
Now, researchers have discovered that the HPV vaccine can protect boys from some cancers too. And if they get the vaccine it will stop them from spreading the virus to girls who haven't been protected against it. So from next year, 12 and 13-year old boys will be joining the vaccination line! Older boys will also be able to get the vaccine through a catch-up program. So that's 3 injections over a 6 month period.
You don't have to have it, but it's recommended that you do.
BOY 1: I would like to get it, I mean to stop the cancer I think is a great thing to do.
BOY 2: I don't really mind, it's just another needle in the arm so it doesn't really matter.
BOY 3: Since the girls get it, they won't be infected by it but the boys aren't getting it so it's still a risk for us, so I think it's better if we get it.
Like with any new vaccination or medicine, some people are worried about the side effects. But experts reckon the benefits outweigh the risks. So from February next year, it won't only be girls being protected against the nasty infection!
OK, let's have a health quiz. The question is:
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Which of the following food items was once sold as medicine?
Tomato sauce
Vegemite
Mayonnaise
Answer: Tomato sauce
Tomato sauce was patented as a medicine in the 1830's, called Dr Miles' Compound
Extract of Tomato
Reporter: Sarah Larsen
INTRO: Now, when your parents were kids dance classes usually meant ballet, tap or jazz but now hip hop dance is becoming the style of choice for many Aussie kids.
There can be just as much skill involved and like other types of dance there are competitions all over the country. Sarah checked out one of them.
SARAH LARSEN, REPORTER: By day, they're ordinary school kids but when the music starts they're Break'n'Enter, dance Crew; ready to do battle on the dance floor.
This is hip hop dance, a style which is all about athleticism, strength and, most importantly, freedom.
LAWRENCE: I like it because it inspires me it makes me feel free. When I me dancing all I can think of is to be free. It frees me from everything that I'm thinking.
MIA: I used to do jazzy style of dancing girlie styles. I enjoyed it but it wasn't really what I want to do so I looked on YouTube for different dance styles and we found
Break ‘n’ Enter and I though this is the place I want to do. When I do hip hop I feel like myself than at any other time of the day.
Hip hop covers a whole bunch of different dance moves and these guys do a bit of everything.
LAWRENCE One of them is the popping so you kind of like tense all your muscles at the same time. There's sea walk. There's the MJ poses. There's spins. There's the robot.
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LAWRENCE: Break dancing is one of the more popular ones because that's what kids want to see because it's like people holding themselves on their head.
This is where it became popular; on the streets of New York in the 70s and 80s. The early break dancers say they were inspired by Kung Fu movies as well as old jazz styles. For some it was about more than dance. Street gangs were encouraged to have dance battles against each other instead of fighting and crews like these took hip hop to the world.
Now you can find b-boys and girls in just about every country. Movies like this have helped to inspire a new generation of dancers. But don't believe everything you see on the screen.
Lawrence: If you watch Step Up 2, Step Up 3 it's all about all those rivalry crews; "I want get these guys on the street". It's not that. It's not what hip hop is about. Hip hop is about a fun community of dance.
Fun is something this guys know all about and they reckon just about anyone can give it a go.
LAWRENCE: This is called a coffee grinder, also known as a helicopter. You circle your leg over your body, jump over your foot and come back.
REPORTER: You make it sound so easy.
Ok; so it'll be a while before I'm stepping up against these guys, but serious moves take serious practice.
LAWRENCE: We practice a lot like sometimes even before school I'll think like Oh
I'm too tired but then I'll think yeah I can break dance.
The kids perform regularly and during the holidays they competed in Battleground where dancers from around the state compete in all sort of hip hop styles.
COACH GRAB: They did great. Old Skool got through, made it through. I think LLH got one of the biggest crowd cheers, so that's pretty awesome - nah they did really well we're really proud of them.
But to these guys it's not about winning or losing, it's about dancing, expressing themselves in the best way they know how.
LAWRENCE: We'll always do it. We all just love it that much that nothing can get it our way it's like the best thing ever.
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And with passion like that nothing can hold them back.
Presenter: OK you might be able to bust some moves but do you know the lingo?
Let's have a quiz.
The question is: Which of these is a style of hip hop dance?
Crimping
Krumping
Cramping
Answer: Krumping
When Sarah did it it looked more like cramping but no, the right answer is
Krumping. OK time to get some sports news now. Here's the Score.
Cyclist Bradley Wiggins has become the first Briton to win the Tour De France. He finished 3-minutes and 21-seconds ahead of his closest competitor teammate Chris
Froome. Aussie Cadel Evans finished seventh overall.
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Aussie golfer Adam Scott has just missed out on his first major win at the British
Open. He lost by just one stroke to South African Ernie Els. Scott had a good lead but crumbled on the last four holes leaving Els to claim the win.
Adam Scott, Golfer: I'm very disappointed I played so beautifully the rest of the week
I certainly shouldn't let this bring me down.
Ernie Els, British Open Champion: I feel for my buddy Adam Scott I was very fortunate, you're gonna win many of these, you've got too much talent.
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And for the first time, a New Zealand team has won the Trans-Tasman netball championship. The Waikato Bay of Plenty Magic defeated the Melbourne Vixens 41 goals to 38. The Magic made an impressive comeback from being five goals down.
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Reporter: Sarah Larsen
INTRO: Last month Aussie athletes from around the country came together to compete. But they're not Olympians. In fact, they're not even human but their skill, speed, strength and agility is as important to this country as any sporting champion. Sarah had a look at the annual Casterton Kelpie muster and found out a bit about the history of this legendary Aussie working dog.
SARAH LARSEN, REPORTER: Faster than a speeding brumby, more agile than a motorbike, able to leap tall fences in a single bound, well, almost. It's Super Dog!
Actually, it's a kelpie but ask anyone around here and they'll tell you that they really are the heroes of the Australian bush.
IAN O'CONNELL, KELPIE BREEDER: They're a very tough, courageous dog, and they just want to work from daylight to dark, that's what they love doing, and they're suitable to any environment, whether it's the cold climates, the very hot climates, but they're just happy if they're working.
The intelligence and energy of this Aussie breed has been celebrated in songs and stories and recently in the move Red Dog where the loyalty of a kelpie unites a community.
But the story of how these dogs came to be is also an interesting one and it starts here; on a property near Casterton in country Victoria.
Back in the 1840s it was home to a Scottish carpenter called George Robertson who wanted a dog to help him with the farm work. He got a pair of black and tan coloured collies sent from Scotland and they had puppies here.
JESS FLANDERS, AUTHOR: Later on Mr Robertson gave the pup to his nephew who was working for him and said call it kelpie, and that means water nymph in
Scotland, and he said these dogs love the water.
The dog called Kelpie became legend after Robertson's nephew swapped it for a horse; against his uncle's wishes.
The story goes that Kelpie was handed over late one night on the banks of the Glenelg
River to stockman from New South Wales called Jack Gleeson.
But not everyone agrees on the details.
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JESS FLANDERS: They go along with the story that the swap happened at midnight down by the river, but that's not true. No, it happened in the paddock then and there
Jess Flanders would know. Her husband was the grandson the man who gave Kelpie away.
In New South Wales, Kelpie was bred with another Scottish dog and the puppies became sought-after working dogs.
Everyone wanted one of Kelpie's pups and eventually the name of that one dog became the name of a whole breed.
Every year Casterton celebrates its role in the Kelpie story with the Kelpie Muster.
There are street parades and dog races and the famous kelpie high jump.
This year defending champion George took the title with a 2.72 metre bound.
HUGH MAWHINNEY, GEORGE'S OWNER: He's a very competitive dog and will do anything to try and please me.
As well as the fun stuff there's a kelpie auction, where people pay thousands for the best working dogs.
It's a sad time for some owners.
MATTHEW JOHNSON: Yeah, the wife and kids, I reckon they'll be crying pretty shortly, and I will be too. But, the only thing - the only reason why we're selling him is because he needs more work and he's a superstar, he really is. And, yeah, so it's gonna be sad, but, yeah, it's good for Tom 'cause he needs the work.
They say it's a bit like seeing their kids graduate and leave home. They'll go off in the world and help others with the daily routine of life on the land.
And carry on this truly Australian legend.
That's it for the show. You can jump onto our website if you want to get more info on any of the stories. And you can send us your comments too. I'll see you next time.
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