3.1 Introduction
1) How did people during the Paleolithic Age get their food?
During the Paleolithic Age people got their food by roaming the land and hunting animals and
gathering nuts, berries and seeds.
3.2. From Old Stone Age to New Stone Age
2) The Neolithic Age ended when people started to replace stone with what material?
The Neolithic Age ended when people stopped using stone to make tools and they started
to use metal instead.
3) In what area did many early farmers settle? Why is it called this?
Neolithic peoples started to settle in an area known as the Fertile Crescent. This area is
called this because the land was fertile and they could grow crops for food.
4) Once people began to settle down, what other activities could they now focus on?
As farming developed, people could now focus on building shelters and the formation of
communities. They could also make better tools and clothing that made their life easier.
3.3 Creating a Stable Food Supply
5) What sort of animals did early farmers raise?
The earliest farmers would raise animals like sheep, goats, and cattle.
3.4 Making Permanent Shelters
6) What types of materials did early settlers use in order to construct their shelters?
The permanent shelters of early settlers were made of mud bricks. On occasion the people
would add stones and tree branches to make their mud stronger.
7) In what ways were permanent shelters important to early people?
Shelters were very important because they made life more comfortable. They protected the
people from weather and wild animals, they could now cook food in new ways and they
could settler in larger communities.
3.5 Establishing Communities
8) In what ways did the establishment of communities make life more convenient and
efficient?
Once people began to live in communities they could now divide up their work. Therefore,
each person could focus on their particular job and improve on whatever they were asked to
do.
9) In what ways did the establishment of communities make life safer?
Larger communities were also safer by the fact that there were more people to protect each
other. Additionally, when there were more people to do more jobs that gave people more
time to create protection, such as stronger walls.
3.6 Developing New Jobs
10) What other types of jobs were most likely present in the early town of Catal Hoyuk?
In the town of Catal Hoyuk people would have jobs other than farming. They would be
weavers, basket makers, toolmakers and traders.
11) Explain how the creation of new jobs leads to an improvement in the products that these
early people created.
Once people could focus on a specific job that allowed them more time to improve on their
individual job. They could improve on the creation of products. For example, farmers
learned how to grow more than 14 kinds of food plants.
3.7 Beginning to Trade
12) What factors inspired early Neolithic people to trade with other peoples?
As Neolithic peoples tried to improve their products they desired other materials that would
make their goods better and more beautiful. Traders would go out to get these new
materials from other peoples.
13) Explain how trade lead to cultural diffusion.
As Neolithic traders came in contact with different peoples they were able to observe new
traditions, cultures and ideas from other cultures. They would then bring information of
these new ideas back home and use these ideas to improve areas of their own life. This is
how cultural diffusion worked.