3A Grammar: Me Gusta(n) / Me Encanta(n) w/ Nouns, Present Tense
Conjugations of Regular -ER & -IR Verbs & Using Nouns as Adjectives
Me Gusta(n) / Me Encanta(n) w/ Nouns:
 Me gusta = I like / Me encanta = I love (something singular)
 Me gustan = I like / Me encantan = I love (something plural)
 Back in chapter 1A, you had learned how to use me gusta + infinitive. In
this chapter you are no longer liking a verb (infinitive) you can now say
that you like a noun. There are 3 basic important rules that you must
follow:
1. If the noun that you like/love is singular, you must use the 3rd
person singular form of gustar/encantar.
Me gusta el pan.
Me encanta el pan.
2. If the noun that like/love is plural, you must use the 3rd person
plural from of gustar/encantar.
Me gustan los panes.
Me encantan los panes.
3. If what you like/love is a noun, you must ALWAYS include the
article.
Me gusta la limonada.
Me encantan los postres.
 You will only be using the gusta/gustan and encanta/encantan verb forms
because you will be talking about things that you like (3rd person).
 If you say that you like an infinitive remember that you can only use the
singular form, not the plural one, even if you like to do more than one
thing.
Me gusta correr y bailar.
Present Tense Conjugations of Regular –ER & -IR Verbs:
 The following is a refresher of how conjugation works followed by the new
verb ending/chants for regular -ER & -IR verbs.
 Conjugating a verb means changing the verb ending so that we know who
is doing the action. For example in English we say: "I speak" and "she
speaks." Note how the verb changes when the person doing the action
changed from "I" to "she."
 Remember that verbs that have not been conjugated yet are called
“infinitives.” This means that it is a potential action – we don’t know who is
doing the action.
 Infinitives are easy to spot in Spanish because they end in -AR, -ER or –
IR. In English we add a “to” in front of the verb. For example, hablar = to
speak.
 Regular, present tense verbs are the easiest to conjugate because all you
have to do is drop and change the verb ending (the -Er or -IR) to show
who is doing the action.
 The verb endings below match the subject pronoun chart with ONE
MAJOR EXCEPTION: Since tú and usted both mean "you," it would be
impossible to tell the difference between someone formal and informal if
they were sharing the same chant/verb ending and we were talking
directly to them. What we have to do in order to show a difference in
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formality is that we bring down the usted and the ustedes form from 2nd
person to 3rd person.
There is now an X in the vosotros spot because even though you will learn
that ending and be aware of it, you will not use it in this part of the world.
Drop the infinitive ending (the -ER or -IR) and plug in the verb/chant
endings in its place.
The stem of the verb stays the same, only the verb ending changes.
Just by looking at the way the verb ends, we now know who is doing the
action.
Here are the major differences between the three chants:
The -ER chant is just like the -AR chant except that it's all e's instead of a's.
The -ER chant is exactly like the -IR chant except for the nosotros/nosotras 1st
person plural form. -ER infinitives will use -emos whereas -IR infinitives will use -
imos.
Here are all 3 conjugation endings so that you can compare them:
Present Tense Conjugation Endings for Regular –AR Verbs:
Singular:
Plural:
yo
-o
nosotros/as
-amos
tú
-as
vosotros/as
-áis*
Ud./él/ella
-a
Uds./ellos/ellas
-an
(quién / it)
(quiénes / it plural)
Present Tense Conjugation Endings for Regular -ER Verbs:
Singular:
yo
tú
Ud./él/ella
(quién / it)
-o
-es
-e
Plural:
nosotros/as
vosotros/as
Uds./ellos/ellas
(quiénes / it plural)
-emos
-éis*
-en
Present Tense Conjugation Endings for Regular -IR Verbs:
Singular:
Plural:
yo
-o
nosotros/as
-imos
tú
-es
vosotros/as
-ís*
Ud./él/ella
-e
Uds./ellos/ellas
-en
(quién / it)
(quiénes / it plural)
Using Nouns as Adjectives:
 We typically use adjectives to describe nouns, but we can also use other
nouns. For example, the delicious yogurt – delicious is an adjective that
describes the noun (yogurt) as opposed to, the strawberry yogurt –
strawberry is a noun, but it’s acting as the adjective because it’s
describing the type of yogurt that it is.
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In Spanish, when it’s an adjective describing a noun, there will be NO
separation between the words:
el yogur delicioso = the delicious yogurt
When it’s a noun describing another noun, we use the word “de” to
separate the nouns:
el yogur de fresa = the strawberry yogurt
The only other thing that you need to be aware of, is when making these
types of words plural. Make sure that you ONLY make the first noun (the
main one that is being described) plural, and leave whatever comes after
the “de” the same. We do the same thing in English – we don’t say
strawberries yogurts!
El yogur de fresa – los yogures de fresa
The strawberry yogurt – the strawberry yogurts
If the second noun was already plural, it’s okay – just recopy it as-is. This
typically means that more than one item is being used to describe the
item:
La sopa de verduras = the vegetable soup
In this case, more than one type of vegetable was used in the soup, so
that’s why it was made plural.