Biology
Unit 3 – Cell Organelle Chart
Name
Date
Period
Cell Parts and their Functions
Organelle
1. Cell
Membrane
2. Lysosomes
3. Cytoplasm
4. Nucleus
Structure
Function
Location
Double layer of
phospholipids
Controls what goes in
and out of the cell.
Communicates with
neighboring cells
Forms the outside
boundary of the
cell
Breaks down used
and worn out parts.
Destroys invaders
Throughout the
cell
All organelles are found
in the cytoplasm.
Microtubules in
cytoskeleton aide in cell
movement and helps the
cell maintain its shape.
Chemical Reactions
happen here.
Surrounds the
organelles
Control center of the
cell. Stores DNA and
nucleolus
Center of the cell
Membrane bound
organelle containing
enzymes
This jelly-like substance,
composed mostly of water,
separates the nucleus from the
cell membrane. It is filled
with protein fibers called
microtubules that make up the
cytoskeleton.
Bound by a double
membrane called the
nuclear envelope
Drawing
Plant /
Animal
/ Both
Prokaryote
/ Eukaryote
B
B
A
E
B
B
B
E
Slogan/Analogy
The gel in the
cell that
supports the
organelles
Organelle
Structure
Function
5.
Cytoskeleton
Protein fibers called
microtubules
Provides support and
shape to the cell.
6. Nuclear
Membrane
7. Nucleolus
8. Rough
Endoplasmic
Reticulum
9. Smooth
Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Double membrane
comprised of an outer
membrane and an inner
membrane.
Round body located
inside the nucleus of a
eukaryotic cell. It is not
surrounded by a
membrane.
Interconnected network
of vesicles, tubules, and
cisternae within cells
covered with ribosomes
Interconnected network
of vesicles, tubules, and
cisternae within cells
Maintains the shape
of the nucleus.
Shields the nucleus
from unwanted
molecules. Controls
what leaves the
nucleus.
Makes ribosomal
subunits from protein
and RNA
Processing and
producing of specific
proteins at ribosomal
sites. Carbohydrates
are added to the
protein and folding
occurs.
Synthesize steroids and
lipids; regulate calcium
concentration, drug
metabolism, as well as
attachment of receptors
on cell membrane
proteins; and metabolize
steroids (but not lipids)
and carbohydrates
Location
Throughout the
cell
Drawing
Plant /
Animal
/ Both
Prokaryote
/ Eukaryote
B
E
B
E
B
E
B
E
B
E
Surrounds the
Nucleus
Inside the nucleus
Connected with
the outer envelope
of the nucleus of
the cell
Continuation of
the Rough ER
Slogan/Analogy
Organelle
10.
Ribosomes
11. Golgi
Apparatus
12. Vesicles
13.
Mitochondria
14. Cell Wall
Structure
RNA and Protein
Closely layered stacks of
membrane-enclosed spaces
Plant /
Animal
/ Both
Prokaryote
/ Eukaryote
Throughout the
cell and on the
Rough ER
B
B
Near the nucleus
B
E
B
E
B
E
P
B
Function
Location
Assembling
molecules of specific
amino acid to form a
certain protein
molecule
Processes, sorts,
packages, and delivers
proteins and
macromolecules.
Enzymes in the
membrane make
additional proteins.
Transports
macromolecules
throughout the cell
Near the Golgi
Apparatus and
throughout the cell
Breaks down glucose
molecules to make
energy for the cell
Throughout the
cell
protection and
structural support
act as a pressure
vessel that prevents
over expansion as
water enters the cell
Surrounds the cell
membrane
Membrane enclosed sac
Contains a double
membrane. The inner
membrane is folded in
on itself and creates the
mitochondrial matrix and
the cristae. Also contains
its own DNA
Composed of
polysaccharides, proteins
and cellulose fiber
Drawing
Slogan/Analogy
Organelle
15.
Chloroplasts
16. Central
Vacuoles
17. Centrioles
18.
Centrosome
Structure
Composed of a permeable
outer membrane, a less
permeable inner membrane,
an intermembrane space, and
stroma, which is the inner
section. Also contains
thylakoid discs
Large membrane bound
organelle containing
enzymes, water, and
nutrients.
Short lengths of
microtubules arranged in
a cyllinder
Comprised of two
centrioles that are
essentially just rings of
microtubules
Function
Location
Convert the sun’s
energy into sugars
Throughout the
plant cell
Stores metabolites,
nutrients, water, and even
waste products.
Maintains the fluid
balance or the internal
hydrostatic pressure;
exporting the unwanted
and toxic substances;
acting as a cellular pump;
maintaining the cell’s
acidic internal pH; and
determining relative cell
size and even shape, as
they can help the cell
elongate rapidly
Center of a plant
cell
Possibly involved in
spindle assembly
during mitosis
Paired and found
in the centrosome
Help organize
microtubules (hollow
tubes of protein, similar
looking to microscopic
hollow spaghetti) to be
utilized during cell
division. It also works to
use the microtubules to
create part of the
cytoskeleton of the cell
Near the nucleua
Drawing
Plant /
Animal
/ Both
Prokaryote
/ Eukaryote
P
E
P
E
A
E
A
E
Slogan/Analogy