IONIC COMPOUNDS: ACIDS AND BASES
Acids and Bases are __________________ that have very distinct properties.
____________ + ____________  ___________ + __________
_____________  __________ + ___________
WATER
Before understanding Acids and Bases, you must understand water.
It is a ________________________________. Like a ________________.
It is a polar molecule. WHY???
_____________________________________________________________________________
Oxygen =_______________________________________________________.
Because water is POLAR (negative side and positive side), what types of compounds will it DISSOLVE
easily?
______________________________
Acids
•Acids: ______________________________________________________________________________
__________ + __________  _________ + _______
•Written also as:
________  _______ + _______
When _________ is put in _____________, a __________________________________, ____________
(hydrogen ion, H1+) is formed.
Why might acids be referred to as “PROTON DONORS”?
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Acids ARE “___________________________________”
Characteristics of Acids
1. __________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________________________
3. _______________________
4. ________________________________________
5. ________________________________________________
Bases
•Bases: ______________________________________________________________________________
___________  _________+ _________
Bases are ________________________________ that break apart (________________) in __________
to form a negatively charged ________________________________ (__________).
Why might bases be referred to as “PROTON ACCEPTORS”?
Bases ARE “___________________________________”
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Characteristics of Bases
1. _____________________________________
2. _____________________________________
3. _____________________________________
4. _____________________________________
5. _____________________________________
Strength of Acids and Bases
WHY is battery acid MORE ACIDIC?
___________________________________________________
How many hydronium ions are in the strong acid? In the weak acid?
Chemists use a _______________________________________________ to describe the concentration
(____________________) __________________________________ (____________) ions in a solution.
This is the __________________________
The _______ of a solution is a _______________________ of the
_______________________________ (___________) concentration.
_______________________ substances have a value of ________
Their number of ______________________________________________________________________
Distilled Water is _____________________
It’s _______________________________ equal it’s _____________________________
This is because water ____________________ slightly.
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Acids have a pH value of _______________________________________
Bases have a pH value of ______________________________________
Strength of Acids and Bases
What is the difference between the strong and the weak, regardless of concentration?
Strong substances ____________________________________________________________
How do you get strong and weak acids and bases?
 STRONG ACIDS/BASES COMPLETELY IONIZE/DISSOCIATE
• HCl + H2O  H3O+1 + Cl-1
– Reaction only goes ________________________________
WEAK ACIDS/BASES _______________________________________________________
• NH3 + H2O  NH4+1 + OH-1
– Reaction goes __________________________. Not all of the compound ionizes.
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pH
H3O=1 concentration
H3O=1 concentration
When ______________________________________, the process is called ______________________.
They react to form __________________________________________________________________
___________________ + ________________  ______________ + ________________
__________ + __________  _________ + ___________
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ACIDS AND BASES AND NEUTRALIZATION
One of the most important aspects of a living system is the ___________________________________
_____________________________________
• Control of pH is very important
• Control is accomplished with ______________________
• Buffers
_________________________________________________________________
• Alkalinity – _____________________________________________________________
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