AP Biology Photosynthesis Questions and Standards
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1982
1986
PHOTOSYNTHESIS QUESTION 1982:
PETERSON/ECHS
L.
Describe the similarities and differences between
the biochemical pathways of aerobic respiration and
photosynthesis in eukaryotic cells. Include in your
discussion the major
reactions, the end products, and
energy transfers.
STANDARDS:
7 points Maximum for Photosynthesis
section
7 points Maximum for Respiration section
PHOTOSYNTHESIS:
___Conversion of light energy to chemical energy
___Fixation of CO2
___Occurs in chloroplasts
___Split H2O (photolysis)
___Chlorophyll needed
___ATP in light reaction
___NADPH2 produced
___Anabolic (Constructive)
___Oxygen released
LIGHT REACTION (Diagram and/or Discuss)
___Photosystem I & II
___Energy "input" (electron flow)
___Chemiosmotic
DARK REACTION (CO2 FIXATION)
___Carboxylative phase
___Reductive phase
___Regenerative phase
NET REACTION
___ENERGY + CO2 + H20 -> C6H12O6 = O2
___"Uphill" Reaction - possess more free energy and/or
stores 686,000 cal/mole glucose
___Coupling of light and dark reactions
RESPIRATION
___Conversion of chemical energy to metabolic
___Release of CO2
___Occurs in mitochondria
___Form H2O (reduction)
___Cytochromes needed
___ATP in oxidative phosphorylation
___NADH produced
___Catabolic (destructive)
OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION (Diagram and/or Discuss)
___ETS (NAD, FAD, cytochromes)
___Energy "release" (electron flow)
___Chemiosmotic
___Glycolysis
___Krebs Cycle
NET REACTION
___O2 + C6H12O6 -> CO2 + H2O + ENERGY
___"Downhill"Reaction - possess less free energy and/or
releases 686,000 cal/mole glucose
BONUS POINTS
3 points MAX
___Dark reaction is reverse of anaerobic glycolysis
___Both processes are complementary and/or supply
materials for each other
___Thorough contrast of photosynthesis and cellular
respiration
PHOTOSYNTHESIS QUESTION 1986:
PETERSON/ECHS
L.
Describe the light reactions of photosynthesis
and, for both a C3 and a C4 plant,
trace the path of a carbon dioxide molecule from
the point at which it enters a
plant to its incorporation into a glucose
molecule. Include leaf anatomy and biochemical pathways in your discussion of each type
of plant.
STANDARDS:
LIGHT REACHTIONS:
Max. = 9
points
__ Light required
__ Light reactions on thylakoids (in grana)
__ Cyclic and non-cyclic
photophosphorylation/photosystems I & II
__ H2O used/split/required
__ Chlorophyll absorbs light
__ Quality of light/color of light/wavelength of light
must be correct
__ Chlorophyll e-s excited/boosted to higher orbit
__ Energy of e-s used to make ATP
__ Chemiosmotic photophosphorylation/Mitchell
hypothesis (proton gradient)
__ Energy of e-s used to make NADPH+
__ ADP or NADP used
__ Carrier molecules for ATP or NADPH+ production
__ Electrons of P700 replaced <- P680 (PSI <- PSII)
__ Electrons of P680 replaced <- H2O
(PSII <- H2O)
__ O2 comes from H2O
__ O2 released to air
__ Redox mentioned
C3 AND C4 ANATOMICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL PATHWAYS:
Max.
= 9 points
__ CO2 enters through stomates
__ CO2 diffuses from intercellular spaced into
mesophyll
__ Dark reaction/CO2 fixation in stroma (fluid)
__ CO2 used/fixed/required
__ Energy of ATP used
__ Energy (e-s/Hs) of NADP reused
__ C3 plants have palisade and spongy mesophyll
__ C4 plants have functional mesophyll around bundle
sheaths
__ C4 plants have Kranz anatomy
__ C4 plants have chloroplasts in bundle sheath cells
__ C3 plants combine CO2 with RuBP
__ C4 plants combine CO2 with PEP
__ C4 plants use CAM pathway
__ Steps in PEP -> 4-C -> PEP
__ C4 plants send 4-C to bundle sheath
__ C3 and C4 plants put CO2 into Calvin cycle ->
glucose
__ Steps in Calvin cycle
__ Mention of C3, C4 pathway enzymes