Year 10 Advanced Science – Genetics Homework 1
Name: ___________________________________
Referring to the info on “Nuclear Matter”, answer the following questions.
What are Prokaryotic cells and Eukaryotic cells?
 Cells in our world come in two basic types, prokaryotic and eukaryotic.
 "Karyose" comes from a Greek word which means "kernel," as in a kernel of grain.
 In biology, we use this word root to refer to the nucleus of a cell. "Pro" means "before," and
"eu" means "true," or "good." So "Prokaryotic" means "before a nucleus," and "eukaryotic"
means "possessing a true nucleus."
 Prokaryotic cells have no nuclei, while eukaryotic cells do have true nuclei.
 Bacteria and Blue-green algae are prokaryotic cells; others like plants, fungi and animals
have eukaryotic cells.
1. What are the 4 basic organelles in an animal cell? Label them in the diagram above.
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2. What are the 3 extra organelles found in a green plant cell?
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3. Dead cells such as outer skin cells and xylem in plant have no nucleus. Which other type of
animal cell has no nucleus?
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4. Write down 4 things about the nucleus:
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5. What is the size of a normal cell in mm? (decimal and fraction)
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6. What is DNA? [ 4 poiints ]
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7. How do scientists see chromosomes clear under the microscope?
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8. Draw the structure of a chromosome before and after doubling (but still attached at the
centromere).
9. What is the number of chromosomes found in normal body cells? Why do they appears in
pairs?
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10. What are sex-chromosomes? Are they different in male and female?
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11. What are autosomes? How many of them in a body cell?
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12. Can you make some interpretation from the table showing the no. of chromosomes in
different organisms? [ 3 points ]
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13. What is the meaning of “Karyotyping”?
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14. What is the use of Karyotyping?
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