CHEMISTRY 3.5
Name:
WORKSHEET TEN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
1.
Polyesters & Polyamides
Many common polymers are produced through condensation reactions. In condensation a small
molecule like
is produced as each link forms in the polymer.
For a polyester to form, two molecules with the ability to form an
linkage at
each end are reacted together.
2.
The most common polyester produced in industry is called PET or Terylene. It is used to make
cloth, textiles, ropes and even soft-drink bottles. The monomers used to make PET are shown
below.
HOOC-C6H4-COOH
3.
HO-CH2CH2-OH
(a)
Using these two monomers, construct a section of the PET polyester. (Show at least four
monomers linked together)
(b)
Clearly circle each of the ester linkages in the polymer you have drawn above.
Another polyester that has better resistance to high temperatures than PET is called PEN.
A section of its molecule fibre is shown below.
-OOCC10H6COOCH2CH2OOCC10H6COOCH2CH2OOCC10H6COOCH2CH2-
4.
(a)
Circle the ester linkages in the above polymer structure.
(b)
Draw the two monomers that are used to construct it.
(a)
Polyamides are molecules held together by
made by combining a
synthetic polyamide made was called
after its discovery to make ladies stockings.
links. They are
and a dicarboxylic acid. The first
and was used soon
(b)
Kevlar, a material first marketed in 1971, is a polyamide used to make bullet-proof vests,
yacht sails and helicopter blades among other things.
It is made from the monomers shown below.
H2NC6H4NH2
HOOCC6H4COOH
Using these two monomers, construct a section of Kevlar. (Show at least four
monomers linked together)
5.
Nylon can be made in the lab by carefully pouring its two
constituents together to make two layer and then drawing out
the interface with tweezers as shown in the photo.
Nylon 6,6 is made from the hexanedioic acid and
1,6-diaminohexane.
These two monomers are shown below.
HOOCCH2CH2CH2CH2COOH
H2NCH2CH2CH2CH2 CH2CH2NH2
6.
(a)
Name the type of linkage in the nylon polymer.
(b)
In the box below, draw a section of nylon 6,6
showing at least 4 monomers linked together.
(a)
Proteins are natural
made from amino acids. At one end of an amino
acid molecule there is a carboxylic acid group and at the other an
(b)
group.
Different amino acids can be built into the same polymer molecule forming an immense
variety of possible
.
(c)
Draw a section of the peptide/protein produced by polymerisation of the following two
amino acids.
HOOCCH(CH3)NH2
and
HOOCCH2NH2
(d)
Circle the amide linkages in your molecule drawn above.
(e)
What is the special name given to the amide link in proteins?