JSSS Student To investigate the ability of (i) ionic and covalent substances and (ii) solutions of these substances to conduct electricity OC 44 You have been given two ionic solids and two covalent solids, and purified water, which is covalent. You have also been given solutions of three of the solids. Preparation and planning 1. What exactly do you want to find out in your investigation? _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 2. Predict what will happen in your investigation. _____________________________________________________________________________ 3. What material/equipment will you need? _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 4. Draw a diagram of the electrical circuit you are going to use. 5. What are you going to measure? _____________________________________________________________________________ 6. How are you going to measure it? _____________________________________________________________________________ 7. How many measurements are you going to take? _____________________________________________________________________________ 8. How often will you need to repeat the measurements? _____________________________________________________________________________ 9. What variables are involved? _____________________________________________________________________________ 10. Which is the variable you are going to change? _____________________________________________________________________________ -1- JSSS Student 11. Which is the variable that will change as a result? _____________________________________________________________________________ 12. How will you keep all the other variables constant? _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 13. How will you present your results? _____________________________________________________________________________ 14. What safety precaution(s) will you take? _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ Carrying out the investigation 1. Use your plan to write down the procedure for the investigation. _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 2. Record your results in the way that you decided at the planning stage of the investigation. Interpreting and evaluating the data, and drawing conclusions 1. What did you find out? _____________________________________________________________________________ 2. Is this what you expected to happen? _____________________________________________________________________________ 3. Can you explain why this happened? _____________________________________________________________________________ 4. Are the results reproducible? _____________________________________________________________________________ 5. Has this been a fair test? _____________________________________________________________________________ -2-