Do you know the genetic Lingo:
All Organisms have two of each chromosome. These Chromosomes are pairs of
__________________________ chromosomes. (hint means the same because they carry the same genes)
Chromosomes have ________________ which code out specific traits for an organism.
There are two copies of a gene for any given trait. Different versions of a gene for the same trait are
called ___________________.
As a rule, a capital letter represent the ______________________ allele in a gene pair, while a lowercase
letter represent the ________________________ allele.
The combination of alleles for an organism which identify the actual genetic makeup for the organism is
called its ___________________________. Ex TT, Gg, ss
The form of the trait that is observed or expressed in an organism is its
_________________________________. Ex, tall or short.
An organism in which two alleles for a trait are identical is said to
be________________________________trait, ex TT or tt.
An organism in which two alleles for a trait are not identical is said to be
______________________________, Tt.
An allele that always controls a trait and is expressed is called a _____________ allele.
An allele that is hidden when paired with a dominant allele is called a ______________________ allele.
A recessive allele can be expressed only when the organism has no copy of the corresponding dominant
allele.
Laws from Mendel’s Genetic:
The law of segregation states that each pair of ______________________ segregates, or separates,
during meiosis.
This behavior is when homologous pairs of chromosomes separated during
___________________________ of meiosis I and Meiosis II.
The genes encoded on the chromosomes must separate also.
Draw how this works during Anaphase I and Anaphase II:
The law of independent assortment states that gene pairs segregate into____ ___________________
randomly and independently of each other.
This is a result of ________________________________ in Meiosis I and Meiosis II. The separation of
chromosome pairs occurs ____________________ and produces many different combinations of
chromosomes in the gametes. Draw how this works during Telophase I and II:
DNA "Fingerprinting" Worksheet
In this hypothetical paternity case, four autoradiographs show DNA "fingerprints" taken
from three individuals: a mother, her child, and the child's alleged father. Each
autoradiograph compares equivalent DNA segments from the three individuals. The two
dark bands in each column represent one individual's DNA segments -- one inherited
from that individual's biological mother and the other from the biological father. These
segments differ in length from person to person; for this reason they are used as genetic
markers. Here, each length is designated by a letter, A through O. The two letters
associated with each segment indicate the individual's genotype.
Instructions
1. Under each column in the autoradiograph, write the letters associated with each
individual's genotype. For example, the genotype of the mother in the first column
is A/D. Then, circle the letter in the child's genotype that represents the gene
inherited from the mother.
2. Which "letters" must the child have inherited from its father?
3. Based on this information, what evidence suggests that the alleged father could be
biologically related to the child?