2 nd 9 weeks
Chapter 5 Sections 1, 2, and 3 Vocabulary for Genetics hybrid - offspring of two plants or animals of different species or varieties purebred - belonging to recognized breed of unmixed lineage dominate (trait)- observed in the first generation when parents that have different traits are bred recessive (trait)- the trait that is hidden and only surfaces in generations when two
recessive alleles for the same characteristic are inherited allele - one of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic such as hair
color homologous chromosome - chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure pedigree - diagram shown the occurrence of a genetic trait in generations of a family heterozygous - refers to having one dominate allele and one recessive allele homozygous - refers to having identical alleles for the same trait phenotype - an organism’s appearance or other detectable characteristic genotype - entire genetic make up of an organism; combination of genes for one or more
traits heredity - passing of genetic traits from parents to offspring clone a cell, group of cells, or organism that is descended from and genetically identical to a single common ancestor
Meiosis- a process in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number by two cell divisions.
Sex chromosomesone of the pair of chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual
Gene one set of instructions for an inherited trait
Probability- the likelihood that a possible future event will occur in any given instance of an event
Mitosis - a process of cell division that forms two new cells with the same number of chromosomes