Molecular Basis of Inheritance Review
Name ____________________________________
Define and explain the following processes
Transcription
Translation
Transduction
Translocation
Transposon
How does a typical virus (non-mutated ) infect and what does it infect?
What is necessary for a DNA virus to complete a lytic cycle
Define and give examples for each of the following:
Prophage
Provirus
Vector
What are the different kinds of viruses?
What factors determine whether or not a gene is transcribed?
Explain each of the following mutations and how they are different:
Framshift
Missense
Nonsense
Silent
List the functions of the following:
DNA ligase
DNA Polymerase
Primase
Helicase
Telomerase
List the steps involved in PCR and briefly explain what happens in each.
Explain the process of Gel Electrophoresis and how it is used to separate DNA fragments
Describe the trp operon and the lac operon. What are there roles in the feedback mechanism that regulates protein product?
Explain and draw the operon including the operator, and promoter regions
What are prions? How do they work inside a cell? Give some examples.
Explain the uses of RFLP’s (restriction fragment length polymorphisms) and cDNA (complementary DNA).
Explain how retroviruses use reverse transcriptase. Why would it be beneficial to use reverse transcriptase to clone a human gene?
What did the following scientists discover:
Meselson and Stahl
Rosalind Franklin
Griffith
Hershey and Chase
Watson and Crick
Chargaff
List the roles of SNRPs, GTP, Poly A tail, exons, introns, codons, anticodons
What acts as a primer to initiate the synthesis of a new strand of DNA?
Where does a typical DNA virus make copies of its DNA in a eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell?
Look over the virus structure
Practice Restriction Mapping
1.
Below is a restriction map for the plasmid pGEN101 (total length=20 kb). Using this map as a guide, give the number of
restriction fragments along with their associated lengths that would result from digesting pGEN101 with the restriction
enzymes EcoRI, BamHI, and a combination of EcoRI + BamHI.
Digest Performed:
EcoRI………………………………..
BamHI………………………………
EcoRI + BamHI…………………….
2.
Sizes of Fragments Obtained:
Two freshman college students, interested in becoming gene jocks, performed the following set of restriction digests on a
newly isolated plasmid, pBLA230. The reaction they carried out, along with the fragment obtained in single and double
digest reactions were:
Enzyme(s)
HpaI
HindIII
HpaI + HindIII
Fragment Lengths Obtained:
26 kb
13 kb, 6kb, 4kb, 3kb
7 kb, 6 kb (2), 4 kb, 3 kb
Using this information, construct a restriction map of pBLA230.
3.
As part of an undergraduate project, a student was attempting to construct a restriction map for the plasmid pUC23 using the
restriction enzymes EcoRI and BamHI. After carrying out both single and double enzyme digest reactions and
electrophoresing each reaction mix through an aragose gel, the picture below is obtained, showing the number of DNA
fragments produced in each reaction, along with the sizes of each fragment.
From this information, construct a restriction map of the pUC23 for enzymes EcoRI and BamHI.