Debreceni Egyetem
A környezetgazdálkodási mérnöki, illetve a természetvédelmi és vadgazda
mérnöki alapképzési (BSc) szakok képesítési követelményeinek kidolgozása, a
szakok beindítása. HEFOP- 3.3.1-P.-2004-09-0071/1.0 projekt
Course description
1. Title of the course: Nature Conservation Botany I.
2. Name and title of the lecturer:
3. Name of the degree programme: Nature Conservational Engineer, Bsc
4. Type of course: compulsory (A)
5. Schedule of education: 2nd semester, 2+2
6. Credit value of the course: 3
7. Educational objective: The aim of the course is to give basic information on nature
conservation from the point of view of plants and vegetation. It serves the basic of
phytogeography, phytocoenology and trains the student’s plant recognition knowledge on the
practical exercises. In addition it gives the practice of plant and vegetation protection through
case studies.
8. Personnel background:
Dr. Mária Papp, lecturer
Dr. Zsuzsanna Lisztes-Szabó, practical teacher
9. Course content: (for 14 weeks)
9a. Lectures
1. The main topics of Nature Conservation Botany. Biodiversity. Flora and vegetation. Man
and Biosphere. Organisms with photosynthesis among the living beings. Their role in the food
chain and elemental circulation.
Debreceni Egyetem
Pannon Egyetem
Debreceni Egyetem
A környezetgazdálkodási mérnöki, illetve a természetvédelmi és vadgazda
mérnöki alapképzési (BSc) szakok képesítési követelményeinek kidolgozása, a
szakok beindítása. HEFOP- 3.3.1-P.-2004-09-0071/1.0 projekt
2. Plant protection history. Protection of the worldwide flora and vegetation. Hot pots of the
world. Plant protection history in Hungary. Historical precedents. Plant protection in XX
century. The plants and areas protected by low firstly in Hungary.
3. Development of vegetation in the Carpathian basin from tertiary. Relics and relic-endemic
plant species. The theory of Ősmátra.
4. The current vegetation of Hungary. Vegetation types in the landscape: close to nature,
semi-natural, old fields, artificial ones. Zonal- intra- and extrazonal vegetation types. Plant
associations and habitats. Most important habitat types in Hungary.
5. Floristic phytogeography. Area types, flora elements. Spectrum of the Hungarian flora.
6. Division of Hungary into floristic areas. The characteristic climate effects. Characteristic
vegetation types of floristic regions.
7. Classification of plant species of Hungary according their origins. Alien species. The
problems, methods of defence and eradication.
8. Taxonomic problems in nature conservation. Species as the unit of protection, population
as the reality. Aggregations, higher taxa. Subspecies, hybrids. GMO plants.
9. How and why we protect the plants in Hungary? The view-points of the protection.
10. Protection by law. The content of the 1996 nature protection law in the point of view of
plants. Modifications in 2001 and 2005. Plant protection in the European Union.
Debreceni Egyetem
Pannon Egyetem
Debreceni Egyetem
A környezetgazdálkodási mérnöki, illetve a természetvédelmi és vadgazda
mérnöki alapképzési (BSc) szakok képesítési követelményeinek kidolgozása, a
szakok beindítása. HEFOP- 3.3.1-P.-2004-09-0071/1.0 projekt
11. In situ and ex situ protection. Protected areas. Case studies. Plant propagation in
experimental gardens, resettlement and reestablishment.
12. Plant protection in the world. Agreements, protocols, directives, organisations. Red lists.
13. Threatening categories for the plant species. Threatening factors. Natural dangers. The
harmful effects of civilisation. Reducing of habitats. Changes in pectoral cultivation and land
use. Plant collection, plant photography.
14. Threatening categories with examples. Extinct and disappeared species from the
Hungarian flora.
9b. Practical lessons
1. Fundamental concepts of plant taxonomy, important milestones of development of
taxonomic science, the main sections, the most important taxonomists. Sources of the
taxonomic information. Taxonomic value of plant anatomical and morphological
characters. Categories of the classification, rules of the species denominating.
2. Short plant phylogeny, plant life-form categories. The most important habitat types.
Native species, spreading native species, adventive species, occasional adventive species,
naturalized species, invasive species, weeds and nature conservational weeds.
3. Pteridophyta phylum, Lycopsida, Sphenopsida, Pteropsida classis. Characters and
habitats of the most important species. Acquirement of species identification based on
photos, herbarium specimens and living plants.
Debreceni Egyetem
Pannon Egyetem
Debreceni Egyetem
A környezetgazdálkodási mérnöki, illetve a természetvédelmi és vadgazda
mérnöki alapképzési (BSc) szakok képesítési követelményeinek kidolgozása, a
szakok beindítása. HEFOP- 3.3.1-P.-2004-09-0071/1.0 projekt
4. Spermatophyta phylum. Cycadophytina and Gymnospermatophytina subphylum.
Coniferopsida classis. Abietaceae, Cupressaceae family. Taxopsida classis, Taxaceae
family. Characters and habitats of the most important species. Acquirement of species
identification based on photos, herbarium specimens and living plants.
5. Angiospermatophyta subphylum. Differences between Monocotyledoneae and
Dicotyledoneae classis. Berberidaceae, Ranunculaceae, Paeoniaceae families.
Characters and habitats of the most important species. Acquirement of species
identification based on photos, herbarium specimens and living plants.
6. Nymphaeaceae, Aristolochiaceae, Platanaceae, Crassulaceae, Saxifragaceae family.
Characters and habitats of the most important species. Acquirement of species
identification based on photos, herbarium specimens and living plants.
7. Rosaceae family. Rosoideae, Maloideae, Prunoideae, Spireoideae subfamily.
Fabaceae family. Characters and habitats of the most important species. Acquirement
of species identification based on photos, herbarium specimens and living plants.
8. Eleagnaceae, Lythraceae, Onagraceae, Trapaceae, Simarobaceae, Anacardiaceae,
Aceraceae, Celastraceae family. Characters and habitats of the most important
species. Acquirement of species identification based on photos, herbarium specimens
and living plants.
9. Araliaceae, Cornaceae, Apiaceae, Rubiaceae, Sambucaceae family. Characters and
habitats of the most important species. Acquirement of species identification based on
photos, herbarium specimens and living plants.
Debreceni Egyetem
Pannon Egyetem
Debreceni Egyetem
A környezetgazdálkodási mérnöki, illetve a természetvédelmi és vadgazda
mérnöki alapképzési (BSc) szakok képesítési követelményeinek kidolgozása, a
szakok beindítása. HEFOP- 3.3.1-P.-2004-09-0071/1.0 projekt
10. Solanaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Orobanchaceae, Plantaginaceae family. Characters
and habitats of the most important species. Acquirement of species identification
based on photos, herbarium specimens and living plants.
11. Papaveraceae, Brassicaceae, Resedaceae, Cistaceae, Violaceae, Hypericaceae
family. Characters and habitats of the most important species. Acquirement of species
identification based on photos, herbarium specimens and living plants.
12. Cucurbitaceae, Campanulaceae, Asteraceae family. Tubuliflorae and Liguliflorae
subfamily. Characters and habitats of the most important species. Acquirement of
species identification based on photos, herbarium specimens and living plants.
13. Primulaceae, Plumbaginaceae, Polygonaceae, Urticaceae, Ulmaceae, Betulaceae,
Fagaceae, Salicaceae family. Characters and habitats of the most important species.
Acquirement of species identification based on photos, herbarium specimens and
living plants.
14. Alismataceae, Hydrocharitaceae, Potamogetonaceae, Liliaceae, Amaryllidaceae,
Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae family. Characters and habitats of the most
important species. Acquirement of species identification based on photos, herbarium
specimens and living plants.
10. Mode of assessment during the semester: papers and plant identifying practices on the
exercises
11. Type of exam: written
12. Compulsory practice related to the course: no
Debreceni Egyetem
Pannon Egyetem
Debreceni Egyetem
A környezetgazdálkodási mérnöki, illetve a természetvédelmi és vadgazda
mérnöki alapképzési (BSc) szakok képesítési követelményeinek kidolgozása, a
szakok beindítása. HEFOP- 3.3.1-P.-2004-09-0071/1.0 projekt
13. Compulsory and recommended literature:
Farkas S.(ed.) 1999: Magyarország védett növényei (Protected plants of Hungary).
Mezőgazda Kiadó, Budapest.
Simon T.-Seregélyes T. 1998: Növényismeret (Knowledge and identification of
plants). Nemzeti Tankönyvkiadó, Budapest.
Simon T. 2000: A magyarországi edényes flóra határozója (Identification handbook of
Hungarian vascular flora). Nemzeti Tankönyvkiadó, Budapest.
Standovár T. –R.B. Primack 2001: A természetvédelmi biológia alapjai (The basic of
nature conservation biology). Nemzeti Tankönyvkiadó, Budapest.
14. Exam themes:
1. Present the topics of Nature Conservation Botany placing among other biological
disciplines.
2. Describe the main groups (taxa) of organisms with photosynthesis. Emphasize their
role in biosphere.
3. List and explain the main basic concepts of Nature Conservation Botany.
4. Nature protection in the world. Historical overview.
5. Display the short history of plant protection in Hungary.
6. List the firstly protected plants and areas in Hungary.
7. Describe the vegetation development in the Carpathian basin from the tertian age.
8. Give the definitions for relic- endemic and relic-endemic species with examples from
the Hungarian flora.
9. Present the potential vegetation of Hungary.
10. Talk about the relation between plant associations and habitats.
11. Describe the main Hungarian habitat types.
12. Talk about area types. Name the main flora element types in Hungary.
13. Show up the flora element spectrum of Hungary.
14. Present the floristic division of Hungary with the main climatic effects.
Debreceni Egyetem
Pannon Egyetem
Debreceni Egyetem
A környezetgazdálkodási mérnöki, illetve a természetvédelmi és vadgazda
mérnöki alapképzési (BSc) szakok képesítési követelményeinek kidolgozása, a
szakok beindítása. HEFOP- 3.3.1-P.-2004-09-0071/1.0 projekt
15. Display the characteristic vegetation of the different flora country.
16. Group the plant species in Hungary according their origins.
17. Talk about the alien species. What is their danger in? What are the problems in the
practice of their eradication.
18. List and present the most dangerous alien species in the Hungarian flora.
19. Bring examples for what kind of taxonomic problems can emerge in plant nature
conservation.
20. Present the problems of subspecies, hybrids and GMO plants in nature conservation.
21. Present the practice of plant species protection in Hungary.
22. List the causes why we protect the plants.
23. Present the Nature Protection low of 1996 in the point of view of plants and
vegetation.
24. List the main modified paragraphs of 2001 and 2005 in the low.
25. Present the main methods of protection in the field, in the practice.
26. Give some information on how nature protection works in other countries (EU) and
continents in the point of view of plant and vegetation.
27. Talk about the different Red Lists and their contents.
28. Display the main threatening sources of plant populations and vegetation.
29. Show up how the changing of habitats and land usage affect of plant species and
vegetation.
30. Present the most characteristic direct dangerous human affects on plant species and
vegetation.
31. Display and explain what scale we can measure the threatening, with examples.
32. Give examples for species extinct and disappeared from Hungary.
Debreceni Egyetem
Pannon Egyetem