Supplement to lecture exam#1
Note that not all material is included in this list and your best
study guide are your lecture notes!
Define biology
List and describe the basic steps that are included in the scientific method
What is life?
Life’s characteristics
Levels of organization in life from atoms to organism to biosphere and all in between
Define the common characteristics of living things, and describe each level using
examples.
What examples show that all living things are related?
Describe why biologists say that there is a unity that all living things have in common.
Diversity of life
Explain the difference between how a producer and a consumer deal with their energy
requirement.
Describe the purpose of DNA
Describe the basic differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Describe the basic differences between bacteria, archaea, protest, fungi, plants and
animals.
Define and describe the basic structure of an atom, including decriptions of electrons,
protons and neutrons.
Be able to describe an ion form
Draw an atom in the form of a shell diagram
Describe the difference between an atom, molecule and macromolecule
List and describe the molecules of life- where are the found in the organism?
Describe the various bonds, ionic, covalent, polar covalent and hydrogen bonds
What is an acid? Know the pH scale
Carbon dioxide and its relation to hydrogen ions and pH
What is a base/alkaline?
Describe a buffer
What is the difference between monomers and polymers? Give examples of each.
Describe the structure, function, monomers and basic variations of carbohydrates, lipids,
proteins, and nucleic acids.
Peptide bonds, polypeptides
Nucleotides
Amino acids
Solvent, solute, solution,
Identify the structural differences between a carbohydrate, a protein, a lipid, and a nucleic
acid.
Describe what is meant when saying that structure defines function.
What is the importance of three dimensional shape of a protein
What causes a protein to denature? What are the effects of denatured proteins?
1
Describe the structure of the plasma membrane and its role in regulating the movement of
material into and out of the cell.
Understand the characteristics of cells
Explain the cell theory
Explain the fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane
Compare the following components of the endomembrane system- rough endoplasmic
reticulum, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, and vacuoules
Explain the theory of endosymbiosis
Describe the function of the various compartments within the cell.
What is selective permeability
How do cells recognize each other?
2