HS 20 - Weir
Blood Types
 Special __________________________ are located on the membrane of some red
blood cells.
 ______________  have the A protein marker
 ______________  have the B protein marker
 ______________  have both A and B markers
 ______________  has no special marker
Antigens
 These protein markers are called __________________.

A substance that stimulates the formation of ___________________.

Found on _________________________________________________________.
Antibodies:

Proteins formed within the blood that _______________ with Antigens.
 Produced in response to a _________________________ to
protect the body
 Found in the ______________________________.
 Antibodies are specific in function for example:
 An antibody produced against the flu virus is not effective against HIV
Antigens and Antibodies:
 There are two antibodies called ________________ and _________________.
 When antibodies are produced they ______________ to the foreign antigen markers
 The Anti-A will cause any cells having Antigen A to ____________
together, and the Anti-B will cause any cells having Antigen B to
clump.
HS 20 - Weir
 This is called _________________________  the clumping of blood cells caused by
antigens and antibodies.
Type A Blood
 Type A Blood has A protein markers but it will have ______________ antibodies.
 (It would be silly to have Anti-A because it would essentially just attack our own blood)
Type B Blood
 Type B Blood has B protein markers but it will have _______________ antibodies.
 (It would be silly to have Anti-B because it would essentially just attack our own blood)
Type AB Blood
 Since Type AB has both A & B antigens on the surface it does ______________________
antibodies (neither Anti-A or Anti-B)
Type O Blood
 Type O has no protein markers but __________ contain Anti-A and Anti-B antibodies.
Blood Type
Type A
Type B
Type AB
Type O
Antigen on RBC
Antibodies Produced
HS 20 - Weir
Rhesus Factor:
 During the 1940’s scientists discovered another antigen on the red blood cell – the
_____________________________.
 People who have this antigen are said to be _______.
 People who do not have this antigen are said to be _______.
 It is the Rh factor that creates the following blood types:
A+, A-, B+, B-, AB+, AB-, O+, O ______ is the most common type of blood.
 Approximately __________ of Canadians are Rh+
 In general, Rh- blood is given to _______ patients
 Rh+ blood or Rh- blood may be given to Rh+ patients.
Blood Transfusions:
 Since some antigens can trigger a patient's immune system to attack the transfused
blood, safe blood transfusions depend on careful __________________________ and
______________________________
 We don’t want the recipient’s body to _________ the blood that is being given to them.
 This would cause the blood to ___________ and not be able to pass through the tiny
capillaries.
 Type AB Blood is considered to be a _________________________________  because
type AB has no antibodies it can receive type A, B, AB, or O from a donor
 However even though AB is a universal recipient, Type AB can only donate to people
who have ________________ Blood.
 Type O Blood is considered to be a ______________________________.
 Type O contains no antigen therefore a Type O donor can donate to type A, B, AB or O.
 Even though Type O is a universal donor, a person who has Type O blood can only
receive blood from a ____________________ donor.
HS 20 - Weir