HISTORIC PERSPECTIVES ON PERSONAILITY: PSYCHOANALYTIC AND
HUMANISTIC
Define personality and explain how its study differs from that of other psychological research interests.
Describe Freud’s views of personality structure.
Describe how Freud’s search for the psychological roots of nervous disorders led to his study of the unconscious and explain psychoanalysis.
Outline and describe Freud’s psychosexual stages of personality development.
Explain Freud’s view of maladaptive behavior and describe how defense mechanisms work.
Explain how projective tests are used to assess personality and describe research findings regarding their validity and reliability.
Explain why the ego is considered the “executive” of personality.
Evaluate the psychoanalytic perspective.

Describe the humanistic perspective on personality and discuss the basic ideas of
Maslow and Rogers.
Evaluate the humanistic perspective.
List the characteristics Maslow associated with those who fulfilled their potential.
State several of Freud’s ideas that have endured.
State three criticisms of humanistic psychology.
List and describe the levels of Maslow’s Self-Actualization theory.
Provide a brief definition of the following KEY TERMS:
Personality
Free Association
Psychoanalysis
Unconscious
Id

Ego
Superego
Psychosexual stages
Oedipus complex
Identification
Fixation
Defense mechanisms
Repression
Regression
Reaction formation
Projection
Rationalization
Displacement
Projective Tests
Rorschach inkblot test
Collective unconscious
Self-actualization
Unconditional positive regard
Self-concept
COMTEMPORARY PERSPECTIVES ON PERSONALITY:
TRAIT AND SOCIAL COGNITIVE
Discuss trait theories of personality and describe how they identify traits.

Describe the assessment techniques associated with the trait perspective.
Identify the Big 5 personality factors and discuss recent research findings regarding them.
Evaluate the trait perspective on personality and describe research findings regarding the consistency of behavior over time and across situations.
Explain several techniques used by astrologers to persuade people to accept their advice.
Defend trait theory against the criticism that people seem not to have clear, consistent personalities.
Describe the trait-based theory Dr. Mac illustrated in class that is not in your text book.
And what are the 2 questions you can ask of someone to help determine what their personality style is?
Describe the social-cognitive perspective and define reciprocal determinism, giving three examples.

Discuss research findings on personal control.
Describe how social-cognitive researchers study behavior and evaluate this perspective on personality.
Describe three different ways in which the environment and personality interact.
Describe a criticism of the social-cognitive perspective.
Provide a brief definition of the following KEY TERMS:
Traits
Personality Inventory
Empirically derived test
Social-cognitive perspective
Internal Locus of Control
External Locus of Control
Personal control
Learned helplessness
Positive psychology
CONTEMPORARY PERSPECTIVES ON PERSONALITY:
THE SELF AND THE MODERN UNCONSCIOUS

Describe recent research on the way people view themselves, including research on stigmatized people.
Discuss how culture affects one’s sense of self, including research findings on differences between individualist and collectivist cultures.
Contrast the influences of individualism and collectivism on personal identity.
Explain the modern concept of the unconscious mind.
Provide a brief definition of the following KEY TERMS:
Spotlight effect
Self-esteem
Self-serving bias
Individualism
Collectivism
Mereownership phenomenon (hint…. Favorite letter exercise)