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Growth, function and division
Interphase, mitosis and cytokinesis
Drawing
The division of cells to form new ones
The period of growth, function and copying
of DNA
The stage in which chromosomes become
visible
The chromosomes line up on equator
Sister chromatids separate
Two new nuclei form
Cytoplasm splits in two
Division of gametes/haploid cells into
diploid ones.
Prophase, Metaphase , Anaphase and
Telophase (Meiosis I and II)
Any physical characteristic of organism that
can be inherited.
Eye color, height, hair color, etc.
The field which studies how traits are
inherited.
Mendel
Homozygous or two of the same alleles for
a trait.
The selective mating of two organisms
P
F1
(1) organisms inherit two copies of each
gene, one from each parent (2)the two
copies of each gene segregate during
gamete formation
A specific region of DNA
A particular form of a gene
Two or more
Pure or two of the same alleles
Two different forms of alleles
The pair of genes/alleles (two letters)
The physical feature expressed
The allele that is expressed when two
different forms are present.
The allele that is masked but only expressed
if two copies are present.
All offspring will be homozygous if the
parents are the same or heterozygous if
mixed.
32. 75% express dominant allele and 25%
express the recessive allele.
33. 50%/50%
34. Traits are inherited separately
35. Increases genetic variation
36. Inheritance of recessive alleles
37. A person who carries one recessive allele
but does not express the trait or disorder.
38. Genes on the sex chromosomes
39. They can donate an X or Y
40. X: because it has more genes and is bigger
41. Neither allele expressed: red +white=pink
42. Both alleles are expressed: red+white= red
& white spotted
43. Controlled by many genes: skin, hair and
eye color
44. Has one normal and one affected allele,
but the normal masks the other
45. A male has only one X so he will express the
trait
46. Circles=female square=male ;
shaded=expresses the trait; unshaded=does
not express the trait; and halfshaded=carrier
47. A map of all the chromosomes in a cell
48. The subunits of DNA/RNA
49. Sugar, phosphate and nitrogen base
50. Double Helix
51. Covalent bonds
52. Molecule is unzipped , new nucleotides
added and two new strands form
53. DNARNAProtein
54. The process of copying DNA
55. Making mRNA from DNA template
56. Going from mRNA to a protein
57. Replication and transcription occur in the
nucleus, translation occurs in cytoplasm on
ribosomes.
58. A nucleic acid which transmits genetic
information
59. DNA is double stranded, RNA is single; DNA
has thymine, RNA has uracil; DNA has
deoxyribose sugar, RNA has ribose
60. Similar to replication but only on strand is
formed.
61. Ribosomal, messenger and transfer
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Three
Ribosomes
A change or mistake in DNA
A change in species over time
Charles Darwin
Mechanism in which individuals who adapt
to their environment survive and reproduce
and pass traits to offspring.
A trait that allows an organism to better
survive in its environment.
Genetic comparisons=DNA/amino acid
sequences; embryology=similar embryos at
early stages of development; homologous
structure=look similar but different
functions; analogous= function similar but
different structure; vestigial= used to have a
function in ancestors; and fossils=traces of
early organisms
Collection of all alleles in a population
Population not evolving. No natural
selection or movement or change in allele
frequency.
Convergent= two unrelated species appear
similar divergent= one common ancestor
branches off to two or more species.
Same as # 70
Genetic drift; gene flow; mutations; sexual
selection; and natural selection
Geographic= separates populations by area
Reproductive= separates by sex or prevents
mating.
76-79 was bonus and will not be on final
exam