AP Biology – Review Chapter 12-15
Review all vocab, guided notes, Bozeman videos, lab concepts, chapter questions, etc.
1. Which process occurs in somatic cells?
a. Mitosis
b. Meiosis
2. DNA is replicated during which phase of interphase?
a. Cytokinesis
c. G2
b. G1
d. S
3. When cyclins accumulate
a. Mitosis occurs
b. Mitosis is inhibited
c. Cancer cells are destroyed
d. Mitosis promoting factors are inhibited
4. Asexual reproduction does not occur during which process?
a. Binary fission
b. Mitosis
c. Meiosis
d. Budding
5. A complete set of chromosomes (ie. 46 for humans) is known as
a. Haploid
b. (n)
c. Diploid
d. Locus
6. Mitosis results in how many cell divisions?
a. 1
c. 3
b. 2
d. 4
7. Meiosis results in how many daughter cells?
a. 1
c. 3
b. 2
d. 4
8. One difference between mitosis and meiosis is that meiosis results in
a. Cells that are genetically different
b. Cells that are genetically identical
c. Cells that are diploid
d. Cells with a complete set of chromosomes
9. Homolgous chromosomes align during which stage
a. Prophase
b. Metaphase
c. Anaphase
d. Telophase
10. Bacteria increase their genetic variation by
a. Mitosis
b. Meiosis
c. Crossing over
d. Conjugation
11. Blood type, which is an example of a trait with multiple alleles (A, B, i), is also an example of which type of
dominance?
a. Complete dominance
c. Co-dominance
b. Incomplete dominance
d. Polygenic dominance
12. Which of Mendel’s laws states: two alleles for a heritable character separate during gamete formation and will
end up in different gametes.
a. Law of segregation
c. Law of dominance
b. Law of independent assortment
d. Law of hybridization
13. Sickle Cell disease is an inheritable trait that affects mainly people of African descent. Individuals with two
recessive alleles have sickle cell disease. At the molecular level, heterozygous individual for sickle cell has both
normal hemoglobin and abnormal (sickle cell) hemoglobin. At the molecular level, sickle cell is an example of
a. Complete dominance
c. Co-dominance
b. Incomplete dominance
d. Polygenic dominance
14. In pea plants the seed color yellow is dominant to the green color and tall stem length is dominant to a dwarf
stem length. A round seed shape is also dominant to a wrinkled seed shape. What is the probability of two
completely heterozygous individuals having an offspring with the following genotype – YYTtrr ?
a. 1/64
c. 1/32
b. 1/8
d. 1/9
15. Using the following pedigree, determine if the individuals which
are colored in are inheriting a dominant trait or a recessive trait.
a. Dominant
b. Recessive
16. What is the genotype of the female individual in the third
generation of the pedigree to the right? (Also indicated by
an arrow).
a. RR
b. Rr
c. rr
d. you cannot determine the genotype
17. Sex linked genes such as color blindness, Muscualr Dystrophy and
hemophilia, occur most frequently in
a. Females because its is found on the X chromosome
b. Males because it is found on the Y chromosome
c. Males because they only have one X chromosome
d. Both males and females inherit sex linked traits equally
18. Monsomic disorders such as Turners syndrome and trisomic disorders such as Kleinfelters and Down Syndrome
are the result of an abnormal number of chromosomes which occurs due to
a. Sex linked inheritance
c. Crossing over
b. Polygenic traits
d. Nondisjunction
19. Mitochondrial DNA is determined by which parent
a. Maternal (mother)
b. Paternal (father)
20. Which of the following scenarios best describes how a female offspring could inherit both X linked recessive
alleles?
a. Both mother and father are heterozygous for the recessive trait
b. Only the mother has the recessive trait
c. The mother is a homozygous dominant and the father has the recessive trait
d. The mother has two recessive or is heterozygous for the trait and the father has the recessive trait
CHI-SQUARE PRACTICE PROBLEMS
1. A poker-dealing machine is supposed to deal cards at random, as if from an infinite deck.
In a test, you counted 1600 cards, and observed the following:
Spades
404
Hearts
420
Diamonds
400
Clubs
376
Could it be that the suits are equally likely? Or are these discrepancies too much to be random?
2. Same as before, but this time jokers are included, and you counted 1662 cards, with these results:
Spades
404
Hearts
420
Diamonds
400
Clubs
356
Jokers
82
a. How many jokers would you expect out of 1662 random cards? How many of each suit?
b. Is it possible that the cards are really random? Or are the discrepancies too large?
3. A genetics engineer was attempting to cross a tiger and a cheetah. She predicted a phenotypic outcome of the traits
she was observing to be in the following ratio 4 stripes only: 3 spots only: 9 both stripes and spots. When the cross was
performed and she counted the individuals she found 50 with stripes only, 41 with spots only and 85 with
both. According to the Chi-square test, did she get the predicted outcome?