Chapter 4: Section 4
I.
II.
Properties of Nonmetals
a. Elements found in ___________ 14-18
i. Are _____ conductors, have reactivity, solid nonmetals
are dull, brittle, _______________, non-ductile.
ii. Lower ___________ than metals
iii. Physical properties:
1. Ten out of the 16 are _____ at room ____________
2. Iodine, sulfur, and carbon are _______ at room
temperature
3. Bromine is a _________ at room temperature
iv. Chemical Properties
1. Most are reactive and_________ form into
_____________
2. Fluorine is the ________ reactive
3. Usually ________ or ________ electrons
4. When they ______ an electron(s) from a metal it
forms an ________ bond
5. When the _______ electrons with other nonmetals
it forms a ___________ bond
Families of nonmetals
a. The _________ family: _________ 14
i. Each element can gain, lose, or share ____________ (have
4 __________ electrons)
ii. Only carbon is a _____________
iii. Carbon is found in all _________ things
iv. Makes coal, gas, and oil (___________________)
b. The _____________ Family: __________ 15
i. Nitrogen and phosphorus are the _____________
ii. Gain or share ___ electrons ( have 5 valance electrons)
iii. Air is 80% _____________
iv. Nitrogen does not react readily
v. _____________ molecules
1. Element that ________ in nature as ______ atoms
III.
c. The __________ family: column ____
i. Contains oxygen, sulfur, and selenium which are
nonmetals
ii. Usually gain or share 2 _________ ( have __ valance
electrons)
iii. Oxygen is diatomic and ___________ (ozone-layer in
atmosphere which screens out harmful radiation from
the sun, is ____________ at ground level due it being
highly reactive)
iv. Oxygen reacts ___________ and is the most abundant
element in the earth’s _______, and 2nd most abundant
in the ______________
d. The halogen __________: Column 17
i. All but ____________ are nonmetals
ii. Gains or shares one electron (Have __________ electrons)
iii. Called ______formers
iv. Very _________ and ___________ to humans
v. Compounds that they form are ______________
e. The ________ gases: Column 18
i. They usually ________ form compounds because they
usually _________ gain, lose, or share electrons. They
have 8 electrons in their __________ shell-this is a
________ configuration
ii. Exist in the earth’s ______________
iii. Hydrogen
1. Top of column 1
2. Has only one ________ and __________
3. Makes up _____ of the atoms in the universe
4. Its chemical properties differ very much from those of
the other elements, it ________ be grouped into a
family.
Metalloids (_______________)
a. Elements found in families 13-17, ___________ between metals
and non-metals on the table, forms a ____________
i. Have ________________ of both metals and nonmetals
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
All are _________.
Brittle, hard, good and somewhat reactive
Most common is __________
Most useful properties is their ___________________ to
conduct electricity-depends on temperature, exposure to
light, and impurities. This is why they are called
semiconductors