Midterm Flash Sheet
Nucleus
Chloroplast
Cell membrane
Cell wall
Ribosome
Mitochondria
Golgi body
Mitochondria
Protein
Total magnification
Bacteria
Cell hierarchy
Cell specialization
Osmosis
Holds genetic information in the cell
Capture light to make food
Phospholipid bilayer, aka: plasma membrane, controls what goes in and out
In plants to provide support, made of cellulose
Makes proteins, little dots in cell
Produces energy in the form of ATP
Organelle that packages
Organelle that converts carbohydrates to ATP
Subunit is amino acid
Eye piece X objective
No nucleus, have DNA and ribosomes, prokaryote cells
Organelles- cells- tissue- organs- organ system- organism
Cells express different genes for their function, ex. Blood, nerve, skin
Water moves across membrane
Moves large particles for high to low across membrane Facilitated diffusion or channel proteins
Active transport
Homeostasis
Mitosis
Asexual reproduction
DNA replication
Cancer
Nucleotide
Nitrogen bases
S phase of interphase
Sexual reproduction
Body cells
Gametes
Crossing over
Meiosis
23
46
Chromosome
Starch
Nucleic Acid
Catalyst or protein
Monosaccharide or simple
Moves from low to high and needs energy
Maintain balance
Each daughter cell has a full set of identical chromosomes
1 parent, Produces 2 identical daughter cells, mitosis is an example
Copy DNA, occurs in interphase before mitosis occurs
Cells divide rapidly and uncontrollable
Subunit of DNA
A, T, C, G in DNA
DNA replication occurs when
2 parents, diverse offspring, meiosis is involved
Diploid, humans have 46, called somatic cells
Haploid, humans have 23, egg and sperm an example
Increases genetic diversity, occurs during prophase I of meiosis
Produces sex cells
How many chromosome pairs do humans have
How many total chromosomes do humans have
In nucleus, rod shaped DNA
A carbohydrate that stores energy in plants
Organic molecule that stores genetic or hereditary material info
Enzyme
Subunit of carbohydrates sugar
Lipids
Nucleotide
Photosynthesis
Cellular respiration
Mitochondria
Chloroplast
Glucose and oxygen
Alcoholic fermentation
Fatty acid is subunit, water proof, long energy, insulate, fats and oils
Subunit for nucleic acids
CO2 + H20 -> C6H12O6 + O2
C6H12O6 + O2 -> CO2 + H2O
Organelle where cellular respiration occurs
Organelle where photosynthesis occurs
Products of photosynthesis
Yeast performs this type of cellular respiration
(anaerobic)
Anaerobic Cellular respiration when oxygen is not present
Cellular respiration Converts food energy into a more usable form (ATP)
Decrease in light or CO2 Factors that decreases the rate of photosynthesis

ATP
Autotrophs heterotrophs
Mitosis
Active transport
Plasma membrane
Chloroplast & cell wall
Carbohydrates
Lipid
Protein
Nucleic Acid
Nucleotide
Amino acids
Fatty acids
Monosaccharide
Cellulose
Enzymes
Starch
Glycogen
DNA
RNA
Phospholipids
Enzyme
Nucleotide
Change in pH & temp.
Activation energy
Nucleus
Cell wall
Mitochondria
Vacuole
Chloroplast
Ribosome
Plants
Prokaryote
Eukaryote
Active
Passive
Diffusion
Osmosis
Plasma membrane
Hypertonic
Hypotonic
Acid
Base
Homeostasis
Molecule that supplies energy for work in cell
Organisms that use energy from sun to make own food
Organisms that cannot make their own food
Process that provides and exact copy of the parents cell’s DNA, must occur before cell divides
Type of transport that requires energy
Surrounds the outside of cell and controls what goes in and out
Organelles present in plants but not animals
Short term energy
Long term energy, membranes, insulation
Speeds up reactions, transport, strength, regulate
Genetic material
Building block of nucleic acids
Building block of proteins
Building block of lipids
Building block of carbohydrates
Cell walls of plants made of
Speeds up reactions
Stores energy in plants
Stores energy in animals
Double helix, stores genetic information
Nucleic acid that helps assemble proteins
Makes up cell membranes
Speeds up reactions by lowering activation energy
Composed of phosphate, sugar, nitrogen base
Can denature an enzyme
Energy needed for a reaction to occur
Control center of cell, contains genetic information
Provides support for plants
Provides energy, site of cellular respiration
Stores water and waste
Site of photosynthesis, makes glucose, only in plants
Site of protein synthesis
Chloroplast, large vacuole and cell walls found in what cells
Cells with no organelles, small, simple, has DNA and ribosomes, bacteria
Cells with organelles, large, complex, DNA and ribosomes
Transport that requires energy, moves form low to high concentration
Transport that does not require energy, moves from high to low concentration
Movement of particles from high to low concentration
Movement of water
Bilayer of phospholipids with proteins embedded
Solution that causes cells to shrink
Solutions that causes cells to swell
Ph between 1 and 7
Ph between 7 and 14
Maintaining a steady or balanced state in the body