NOTES FOR CLASSIFICATION
1) Aristotle was the first person to classify organisms.
2) Aristotle classified all organisms into two groups
Plants & Animals
Taxonomy-science of classifying organisms
A.
Linnaean System
1.
Carolus Linnaeus ( 1700s) developed bionomial nomenclature
2.
Language
3.
Binomial Nomenclature
Ex. Genus-Species
B.
Order of classification groups
D-omain (Eukaryote)
K-ingdom (Animalia)
P-hylum (Chordata)
C-lass (Mammalia)
O-rder (Primates)
F-amily (Hominidae)
G-enus (Homo)
S-pecies (Sapiens)
Example of Binominal Nomenclature
Genus Species
Homo sapiens

Classification & Identification
Morphology- physical appearance
Embryology- appearance of embryos
Chromosomes-
Biochemistry-
Some Models used in classification
Phylogeny: Evolutionary history of a species
Phylogenetic tree: Model of inferred relationship among organisms
Biosystematics: A form of taxonomy that examines reproduction and gene flow
Dichotomous key:
A written set of choices that leads to the name of an organism
Why do we classify organisms?

So we can organize them to make them easier to study
   
 Countinously changing as we learn more and with the addition of molecular biology– use to be only plants and animals, then went to 3 kingdoms (plants, animals and monera) , then 5 Kingdoms and later 6 Kingdoms 

3 Domains

Three Domains
1) Bacteria (Eubacteria)
2) Archaea
3) Eukaryotes

Archaebacteria
1) Prokaryotic Cells
2) Autotrophic or heterotrophic
3) Usually found in extreme environments.
4) Most Unicellular
5) Example - thermoacidophiles
Eubacteria
1) Prokaryotic Cells
2) Autotrophic or heterotrophic
3) Most unicellular
4) Example - cyanobacteria (blue-green algae)
Domain Eukaryote
1) Contains the kingdom that are Eukaryotes
2) Plant
3) Animal
4) Protists
5) Fungi
Kingdom Protista
1) Eukaryotic cells
2) Autotrophic or heterotrophic
3) Unicellular/multicellular
4) Example - Ameba, paramecium

Kingdom Fungi
1) Eukaryotic cells
2) Heterotrophic
3) Multicellular
4) Examples: mushrooms/yeast
Kingdom Plantae
1) Eukaryotic cells
2) Autotrophic
3) Multicellular
4) Example-poison ivy
Kingdom Animalia
1) Eukaryotic cells
2) Heterotrophic
3) Multicellular
4) Example - humans