Name ___________________________________
Fill in the blanks.
A. Homer --- Greek poet________, author of two epic poems, the Iliad____________ and the
Odyssey____. Sometimes called the father of western_______________
literature___________________.Well known for the story of the Trojan_______________
horse___________.
B. Aesop --- He was born a Greek slave who eventually advised rulers and told countless
fables__________. Each fable contains a lesson or moral__________. The moral was taught
by animals who act and talk like humans________________. Aesop’s fables have been retold
many times all around the world____________.
“Slow________________ and _steady___________________ wins the race.”
C. Aeschylus --- Greek dramatist who wrote tragedies____________. The first to introduce the
idea of having two______ actors_______. Also introduced costumes___________,
props________, and stage decorations.
D. Sophocles --- another tragedian, he introduced thr _ee_ actors into the plays. One of his
most famous plays is Antigone.
E. Pythagoras --- mathematician and scientist who believed that all relationships in the world
can be expressed in numbers________________. He is best known for his work on the
Pythagorean_____________ Theorem________________. Many philosophers, including
Plato____________,
exercised his ideas. Many discoveries in the fields of mathematics_________,
astronomy____________, and medicine____________ were attributed to him.
F. Socrates --- Famous Greek philosopher_________________ and teacher of
___Plato____________. He left no writings_______________ behind. Socrates believed in an
absolute truth_________ and that all real knowledge________________ was within each
person_______________. He invented the still popular
Socratic________________method___________________of teaching to force people to ask
_questions_____________ and see things for themselves. The Athenian leaders considered
him to be a threat to the state______ because he taught young people to think for themselves.
He was sentenced by jury________ to die and drank poison___________ for his sentence.
G. Plato --- Philosopher who wrote extensively with many books about
government_______________. Plato thought that democracy__________________ was not a
good system___________ of government. Established a school in Athens called the
Academy_______________. He was a student of Socrates__________.
H. Aristotle --- Attended Plato’s school______________ in Athens. Wrote many books on
many topics, from government_______________ to music_______________. He helped
advance science by encouraging keen observations__________________ and categorizing
_______________ these observations. The founders of the United States
Constitution________________ tried to shape their government based on his
ideas____________.Also known for tutoring Alexander________________ the
Great____________________.
I. Herodotus --- Western historians consider him the “father___________ of
history_____________.”
J. Thucydides --- greatest historian of the ancient_________________
world________________. He viewed war_______and politics_____________ as the activities
of human beings, not gods__________.
K. Alexander the Great --- famous Macedonian____________ conqueror, son of
King____________ P_hilip__________ II. He conquered the
Persian______________e__mpire_______________ and spread the
Greek_________________culture_______________throughout southwest
Asia______________.
L. Demosthenes --- a lawyer and a great public_____________ speaker______________. Gave
powerful speeches___________________warning the Athenians that Philip______________
was a threat to Greek freedom.
M. Archimedes --- most famous scientist of the Hellenistic_______________ Era_____.
Worked on solid geometry______________ and figured out the value of pi___. Inventor of the
catapult_________ and other inventions__________. Famous for discovering the
Archimedes_____________ principle_____________which explains how water
displacement_______________ can be used to measure volume________________ of
irregular____________objects_____________.
N. Erastosthenes ------in charge of the library at Alexandria________________. He concluded
that the Earth is round______________ and made many accurate measurements of the
diameter_____________ of heavenly_______________ bodies.
O. Hippocrates --- known as the “Father______________ of Medicine______________.”
Doctors today take the H_ippocratic__________________ Oath________________ before they
begin the practice_______________ of medicine.
P. Pericles ----- favorite general who guided Athens____________ for more than thirty
years_________. Helped Athens dominate the Del_ian_______ League________________.
Made Athens more democrat______________, wanted Athens to be a model_____________
city, and built many temples and other structures________________, including the
Parthenon_______________. Monumental________________
architecture__________________, phi_losophy____________________, art_______, and
literature_______________ flourished during his rule______________. His rule was part of the
“G_olden___________ Age______ of Greece_____________.
Q. Aspasia --- well-educated woman____________ who was able to move freely in
public___________. She taught public____________ speaking to many Athenians.
Plato__________ often consulted her and Plato____________ credited her with shaping his
ideas___________.