Name: _________________________________________________________________ Mr. Shalaby
Date: __________________________________________________________________ Collier High
Period: ________________________________________________________________ Anthropology
Key Aspects of Anthropology
Ethnography
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The systematic description of a particular culture based on _________________ observation.
Research Approaches in the Four Fields
• Anthropology has been called “the most humane of the sciences and the most scientific of the
humanities”
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Wide range of approaches that span:
•
Science (hypothesis, observation, and testing)
•
Humanities (more subjective, based on feeling)
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Anthropology as a social science is empirical – based on observations rather than on intuition
or faith
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Fieldwork (being on location and fully immersed in another way of life) is a core
methodological aspect of anthropology.
Ethnography and Ethnology Summary
 ETHNOGRAPHY

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means “culture ______________”
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provides a first-hand, detailed description of a __________ culture
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based on first-hand ____________ and research of one culture
ETHNOLOGY
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the study of __________ topic in more than one culture

marriage forms, economic practices, religion, etc.
•
___________ and cross-cultural
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uses ethnographic material collected by a number of researchers
Cultural Relativism vs. Ethnocentrism
•
Anthropology focus on cultural ___________ rather than _________________
•
Cultural relativism is the belief that each culture must be understood in
_____________ of its own ____________ and beliefs and not by the standards of
another culture
•
Is the opposite of ethnocentrism
•
The belief that no culture is _______________ than any other culture
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Is gained by _____________ to “other” ways with a sympathetic eye Anthropology focus
on cultural relativism rather than ethnocentrism
•
Ethnocentrism is _____________ other cultures by the standards of one’s own culture
rather than the standards of other cultures
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The belief that one’s own culture is the way of life and that other ways of life are strange
•
and _______________.
Absolute culture relativism versus Critical cultural relativism
•
Absolute cultural relativism says that whatever goes on in a particular culture must not be
_______________ or ____________ because it would be ethnocentric to question any
behavior or idea anywhere.

Star Trek’s “Prime _____________”?

No one shall interfere with the culture/cultural ______________
of another planet under any conditions

•
What are some challenges of absolute cultural relativism?
Critical cultural relativism is an alternative to absolute cultural relativism

Critical cultural relativism says that some of what goes on in a particular
culture can be _____________ or changed because of an idea of a set of
universal ______________ rights.

What are some challenges of critical cultural relativism?