Integrated Chem/Physics
Chapter 14 - Homework. pg. 330-332. Vocab. # 1, 3-8, 10-12. Concepts # 1, 3-5, 8, 11, 16-17,
19. Problems # 2-6, 7 (a).
Vocab.
1.
mass number
3.
nucleus
4.
electron
5.
neutron
6.
atomic number
7.
radioactive
8.
isotopes
10.
quantum theory
11.
spectral line
12.
spectroscope
Concepts
1.
The results from his gold foil experiment showed helium ions passing through the gold
foil. A few were deflected from a tiny concentrated and dense core at the center.
3.
Thompson’s model proposed that electrons were scattered throughout an atom made of
protons and neutrons. *see above for Rutherford’s model.
4.
Particle
Location in Atom
Charge
Relative Mass
Electron
Outside nucleus
-1
1
Proton
In nucleus
+1
1836
Neutron
In nucleus
0
1839
5.
Strongest  to  weakest
Strong nuclear force > electric force > weak nuclear force > gravity
8.
For a neutral atom, # proton = # neutron
11.
Electron is responsible for how chemicals bond, and protons are responsible for
identifying the element. The number of protons (or atomic number) is unique to each individual
element. Either explanation or answer applies.
ground state – lowest possible energy level
excited state – higher energy level; electron is unstable; will emit energy to fall back to
ground state.
16.
17.
energy is released in the form of light
19.
electrons are so tiny that the use of any form of measurement will change the position of
the electron; also, electrons move incredibly fast
Problems
2.
+1
3.
Atom A:
a.
b.
c.
chlorine
17
number of protons + number of neutrons = 35
Atom B:
a.
b.
c.
calcium
20
40
Atom C:
a.
b.
c.
copper
29
63
Atom D:
a.
b.
c.
bromine
35
80
4.
a.
b.
c.
15
7
neutral, so electrons must balance out protons, so 7 electons
5.
a.
b.
c.
d.
10
4
4
6
6.
a.
b.
c.
d.
234
90
90
144
7. a.
6 to 2 (or 5 to 2)