Name:__________________________
Pure Substances, Mixtures & Solutions Notes
Pure Substances

A substance in which there is only ___________ type of matter.

The particles of a pure substance are ____________ no matter where they are found.

Ex: Particles of iron in a skillet are the same as the iron particles found in a meteorite
Element

Is a pure substance that cannot be ____________________ into simpler substances by
physical or chemical means.

It only has ____________ type of atom.
Compounds

A pure substance composed of _______________ or more elements that are
___________________ combined.


______________- Sodium & Chlorine

______________- hydrogen & oxygen

______________- carbon, hydrogen & oxygen

______________- sodium, hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen.
Compounds aren’t random…

The elements that make up a compound join in a ________________________
according to their masses.


Water- 2 atoms of hydrogen to 1 atom of oxygen (2:1 ratio)
Each compound has its own set or identifying properties different from the
elements that it is formed from.
Mixtures

Is a combination of two or more substance that are __________ chemically combined.

The substances in a mixture retain their own identities.


Ex: pizza, salt water
Mixtures are either…

Homogeneous: Have the _____________ appearance and properties throughout the
mixture


Ex: Solutions- ____________________________.
Heterogeneous : the ___________________ components are easily seen.

Ex: suspensions- __________________________.
Name:__________________________
Pure Substances, Mixtures & Solutions Notes

Ways to separate a mixture

Physical separation (take topping off pizza)

Distillation (based on boiling points)

A magnet (certain metals)

A centrifuge (separates by density)

Filter (solid particles)

Evaporation (sodium chloride & water)
Solutions


Are mixtures that appear to be a ________________ substance.

Ex: _______________________________

They are still composed of two or more substance but they are distributed evenly
amongst each other.
Parts of a solution…

_______________- The substance that is dissolved.


Ex: salt
_______________Solvent- The substance in which the solute is dissolved in.

Ex: Water

Salt is soluble in water

When two liquids or gasses are mixing to make a solution the substance of greater
volume is called the solvent.

Three factors that speed up dissolving:
- __________________________________
- __________________________________
- __________________________________
Properties of Mixtures

_______________________: measures the amount of a solute dissolved in a solvent.


Solutions can be described as being concentrated or diluted.
_______________________: The amount of solute needed to make a saturated solution
( grams/ 100mL)
Name:__________________________
Pure Substances, Mixtures & Solutions Notes

Saturated: A solution that contains all the solute is can hold at a given
temperature.

Unsaturated: A solution that contains less solute then it can hold at a given
temperature.
Suspensions

A mixture in which particles or a material are dispersed throughout a liquid or gas but
are large enough that they _____________________ out.

Ex: ___________________________________________________
Colloids

A mixture in which particles are dispersed throughout but are not heavy enough to
settle out.

Ex: ___________________________________________________

They cannot be separated by filtration the particles are too small
Mixtures vs. Compounds
Mixtures
Compounds