The Particle Theory of Matter
Name: __________________________ HR: ______
Curriculum Outcome Addressed:
Describe the relationship between the mass, volume, and density of solids, liquids, and gases using the particle model of matter (307-8)
Explain the effects of changes in temperature on the density of solids, liquids, and gases and relate the result to the particle model of matter (307-10)
Draw how particle distribution would look in each of the following three states of matter.
SOLID
Particle
Distribution
Strength of
particle bonds
Particle
motion
Density
Mass
Volume
Changes in
Density due to
Temperature
Particles in solids are very close together
The bonds between particles in solids are
very strong
Particles in solids have very little motion;
they only vibrate.
Solids usually have a greater density than
liquids and gases
Solids usually have a greater mass than
liquids and gases.
Solids keep their own shape when put into a
container; they take up the smallest amount
of volume.
LIQUID
Particles in liquids are farther apart than in a
solid, but closer than in a gas.
The bonds between particles in liquids are
stronger than gases, but weaker than solids
Particles in liquids move around very little
The density of liquids is usually in between
that of solids and gases
The mass of liquids is usually in between that
of solids and gases.
Liquids take on the shape of a container, but
they do not fill out the whole container
GAS
Particles in a gas are quite spread out.
The bonds between particles in gases are
quite weak
Gas particles have a lot of motion; they move
around fast and bounce into one another
Gases usually have a lower density than solids
and liquids.
Gases usually have a lower mass than solids
and liquids.
Gases take on the shape of a container and
they take up/fill out the entire space of the
container that they are placed in.
When you add heat to a solid, its density decreases
When you add heat to a solid, its density decreases
When you add heat to a solid, its density… decreases
When you remove heat, its density… increases
When you remove heat, its density… increases
When you remove heat, its density… increases
Kluge2012