BIOLOGY MIDTERM REVIEW
Mrs. Hicks : 2014.2015
*****KEEP IN MIND : THIS IS INTENDED FOR REMINDING YOU OF THINGS WE HAVE COVERED IN
CLASS. IT IS NOT INCLUSIVE. LOOK OVER YOUR NOTEBOOK (OLD WORKSHEETS, NOTES,
VOCAB SHEETS, TESTS AND QUIZZES AND LABS). ALL MATERIAL IS FAIR GAME FOR THE
MIDTERM! For 15 Extra Points on your Midterm this review packet is due the day of the Midterm,
completely filled out with no exceptions.
CHAPTER 1: WHAT IS SCIENCE? (pp 2-33)
What are the parts of the Scientific Method? Explain each.
Explain each of the following parts of an experiment:
Independent Variable
Dependent Variable
Constants
Control Group
Experimental Group
Define the following terms:
Hypothesis
Scientific Theory
Scientific Law
Homeostasis
Who were the scientists involved in biogenesis/abiogenesis (spontaneous generation)?
What did they do?
Who was for biogenesis?
Who was for spontaneous generation?
List at least 5 Lab Safety Rules:
What are the 4 basic units of measurement in the Metric System
(ex. Volume is ___________)
Be able to convert between metric units. (ex kg to mg)
Explain the 8 characteristics of living things we discussed in class (P 16).
Identify and Define the 10 levels of organization we discussed in class (P 21):
- BIOSHPERE
- MOLECULES
CHAPTER 19: VIRUSES AND BACTERIA (pp 470-491)
How do we classify (2 kinds) and Identify (3 ways) Prokayotes?
Name 3 ways to control bacteria.
Draw and Label a Bacteria (Prokaryotic cell).
DEFINE :
Virus
T4 Bacteriophage
Lytic Cycle
Lysogenic Cycle
Capsid
Retrovirus
CHAPTER 18: CLASSIFICATION (pp 446-465)
What are the 4 main reasons to classify living things?
How did Linnaeus group organisms in his classification system?
Which 2 Kingdoms did Linnaeus recognize?
What is binomial nomenclature? Give an example.
List the 8 levels of taxonomy (modern levels of classification). From LARGEST (least specific) to
SMALLEST (most specific)
Explain the modern ways of classifying (cladogram/molecular clocks)
How many Kingdoms are there? How many Domains?
What are the main characteristics of each of the Domain? The Kingdoms?
Be able to use a dichotomous key and cladogram.
List the characteristics of organisms in the Phylum Chordata
ADDITIONAL VOCABULARY:
taxonomy
genus
taxon
evolutionary classification
derived characteristics
CHAPTER 2: THE NATURE OF MATTER (pp 35-57)
What are the three subatomic particles of an atom? What are their characteristics? Where are they
found in the atom?
What are isotopes?
What are ions?
What are elements?
What are compounds?
How are ionic and covalent bonds similar? How are they different?
What is a hydrogen bond?
What are solutions/suspensions?
Draw a molecule of water – H2O
Define the properties of water that make it a unique molecule. Give an example of each.
Capillary Action
Cohesion
Adhesion
Surface Tension
High Heat of Evaporation
Solid form is less dense than liquid form
Fill in the following chart :
Organic
Compound
Monomer
Polymer
Carbohydrate
Lipid
Protein
Nucleic Acid
What is pH?
What are acids? Bases?
What is a buffer?
What are enzymes?
List 3 things that can affect/regulate enzyme activity.
Function
Example
What is activation energy?
What is an exergonic reaction?
What is an endergonic reaction?
ADDITIONAL VOCABULARY:
Atom
Atomic number
Atomic mass
Nucleus
Cohesion
Adhesion
Mixture
Solution
Solvent
Solute
Suspension
Reactant
Product
Catalyst
Substrate
CHAPTER 7: CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION (pp 168-197)
What are the 3 parts of the Modern Cell Theory?
What are the three parts of the Traditional cell theory?
Who were the scientists involved in the development of the cell theory? What was their contribution?
What are the four levels of organization in a living organism from smallest to largest? Define: tissue
How do you determine total magnification of a microscope if you have an eyepiece of 10X, and
objectives of 4X, 10X and 40X? What are those lenses named?
What are the similarities and differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
What are the similarities and differences between plant cells and animal cells?
What are the functions of the main organelles we studied?
Cell membrane
Cell wall
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Nucleolus
Ribosomes
Endoplasmic reticulum (rough and smooth)
Golgi apparatus
Lysososmes
Vacuoles
Chloroplasts
Mitochondria
Explain the 6 ways of getting things in/out of cells. What is unique about each one? (use chart from
class)
What are the different solutions (isotonic/hypertonic/hypotonic) and what happens to cells in those
solutions?
What is plasmolysis? What is cytolysis?
CHAPTER 8: ENERGY AND LIFE (pp 200-219)
What are autotrophs? What are heterotrophs? Give an example of both.
What is ATP? How is energy stored in the cell? How is energy released in the cell?
What is the equation for photosynthesis?
Describe the 2 reactions (processes) of photosynthesis. Where does each process take
place?
CHAPTER 9: ENERGY AND LIFE (pp 220-239)
What is the equation for cellular respiration?
Explain/write out the reactants and products of Lactic Acid Fermentation
Explain/write out the reactants and products of Alcoholic Fermentation
*** Cellular Respiration results in the production of 36 ATP molecules
Process
ATP release
Glycolysis
Krebs or Citric
Acid Cycle
Electron
Transport Chain
Fermentation
Total
36
Where in the cell?
Need O2
Type of
Respiration