Name: ______________
Use Bridge Notation for the following problems. Show all your work.
1.) Convert 238.9 mm to dm.
2.) Convert 0.00466 L to cL.
3.) Convert 50 s to h.
4.) Calculate the percent error. The observed value is 10 cm. The accepted
value is 19.685 inches. 1 inch = 24.5 mm. What is the percent error?
Show all your work and use bridge notation.
How many significant digits are in this measurement? What are they?
12.) 100.5 cm
13.) 2500 ml
14.) 0.075 kg
15.) What is the area of a paper that is 11.5 cm long and 55 mm wide? (Area =
length x width) Give your answer using the correct number of significant digits and
show all your work.
16.)
Mercury has a density of 13.534 g/ml. What volume of mercury
contains 1000 cg? Use bridge notation and the correct number of significant
digits and show all your work.
17.)
18.)
Atoms in a _______ _______ are not bonding.
The atomic number (Z number) is the number of ________ in an
atom.
19.)
__ _________ ________ says that objects can act as particles or
waves. This was important in the understanding of the electron.
20.)
De Broglie’s hypothesis explains the ______-_________ ________ of
electrons.
21.)
We use the ______ _______ to explain how atoms and electrons
work today.
22.)
In the Quantum Model, all electrons are in the electron _____
surrounding the nucleus.
23.)
________ ________ tell us exactly where an electron should be in
the electron cloud and how it is spinning.
24.)
There are _____ quantum numbers.
25.)
The principal quantum number is also known as the ___ level.
26.)
What numbers can be n levels? _____________
27.)
The azimuthal quantum number is also called the ___ sublevel.
28.)
How many l sublevels are there?____ What are their
names?_______
29.)
If an atom has an n level of 5, what l levels will it have in a ground
state? _______
30.)
If an atom has an n level of 7, how many levels can it have in any
state (not only ground state)? __________
31.)
The magnetic quantum number is also called the ___ orbital.
32.)
How many electrons can go in the m orbital of n3p (m-1)? ____
33.)
How many m orbitals can go into any given l level? ________
34.)
Will the number of orbitals in an l level always be even or odd? _____
35.)
The Electron-Spin Quantum number is also called the _______
number.
36.)
What are the two possible ms numbers? _____________
37.)
The ________ _________ _______ says that every electron in an
atom will always have a different set of 4 quantum numbers.
38.)
The ___ sublevel has the most complicated, difficult shape and is the
hardest to predict.
39.)
How many m orbitals are in l sublevel s? ___________
40.)
How many m orbitals are in l sublevel p? __________
41.)
How many m orbitals are in l sublevel f? __________
42.)
How many m orbitals are in l sublevel d? __________
43.)
If my last electron goes into the s sublevel, what block will my atom
be under in the periodic table? _________ block
44.)
The _________ ________ says that electrons will fill lower energy
levels before they fill higher energy levels? ______________
45.)
____________ _________ says that +1/2 electrons go into all m
orbitals in an l sublevel before any -1/2 electrons go into the m orbitals of that
sublevel.
46.)
In a ground state atom, ________ and ________ are always equal.
47.)
Isotopes are the same atom with different numbers of ___________
48.)
Protons + neutrons = the _____ number.
49.)
The ________ _________ is also called the A number.
50.)
Neutrons are the ______ number.
51.)
Draw the isotopic notation for Carbon-20. _______________
52.)
Name the following isotope:
______________
53.)
When I want to know the location of valence electrons, I use
_______-______ __________.
54.)
The last n level’s s and p electrons are called the ________
_________.
55.)
Why are valence electrons important?
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
56.)
Write the electron configuration and orbital notation for the following
electrons. Then write the quantum numbers of their last elements.
a.) Sn
b.) Hg
c.) Uuo
d.) U
57.)
Write the electron-dot notation and give the quantum numbers of the
last valence electron of the following elements:
a.) Fm
b.) Mn
c.) Ra
d.) Ds
The atomic number of Polonium is 84. Its symbol is Po. Its atomic mass is 209.
It is radioactive. What family is Uup? __________ What period is Uup? _______
What kind of element is it? __________________ Po has 2 electrons in n1, 8
electrons in n2, 18 electrons in n3, 32 electrons in n4, 18 electrons in n5, and 6
electrons in n6. How many valence electrons does Po have? ____ Put all of Po’s
appropriate information into the square as it should be in the periodic table.
Draw the electron dot notation of Po. ___________________
Draw the electron configuration and name the last electron of Po.
Draw the electron dot notation of Hydrogen. _____________
Draw the electron dot notation of Argon. ______________
58.)
Which families prefer to form cations?
___________________________________
59.)
Why?
________________________________________________________
60.)
Which families prefer to form anions?
__________________________________
61.)
Why?
__________________________________________________________
62.)
Why do atoms form covalent bonds?
__________________________________
63.)
___________________ + ______________________ = covalent
bond
64.)
___________________+_______________________ = ionic bond
65.)
___________________+_______________________ = metallic
bond
66.)
What is the weakest kind of bond?
______________________________
67.)
What is the strongest kind of bond?
___________________________________
68.)
Fluorine has EN of 4.0. Mo has EN of 2.2. Draw the polar covalent
bond of five of these compounds. Include deltas connecting with each other
in the proper ways.
69.)
Draw the electron configuration orbital notation of a covalently
bonded F2 molecule.
70.)
What are the 7 diatomic elements?
______________________________ Draw the Lewis structure for each of
these diatoms. Use different colors for each atom like we did in class.
71.)
Draw Lewis Structures for the following compounds.
colors for each atom like we did in class.
Use different
H2O
H2C2
H2CO
CHCl3
C6H12O6
NH4+
OH-
H3O+
72.)
Draw the electron dot notation BEFORE and AFTER electron transfer
for the following ionic compounds. Be sure to use different colors for your
valence electrons from each atom.
Na+ Cl- (Na loses 1 electron to sodium)
Ca+2 F2-1 (Ca loses 2 electrons)
Show all work in the following problems. Give every answer with 4 SDs. Show
ALLyour work using BRIDGE NOTATION.
1.) Convert 15 inches to Km. (1 inch = 2.54 cm) ____________________Km
2.) 1mL= 1mm.
How many mL = 38 inches? ________________________mL
Experiment: You are comparing to see which solvent will remove salt from
sand the best. Your options are apple juice (25 mg of salt per mL), vinegar (3
cg of salt per 2 mL) and water (0 gm of salt per mL). You will put 10 mL of
each solvent through your solute. Solute = 2 gm of salt and 5 gm of sand.
What is your statement of the problem (research question)?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
List all equipment that you will need.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Write a good, measureable hypothesis.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Experiment design (what will you do)
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Identify the variables in your experiment (dependent variable, independent variable,
control group, “other” variables)
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
After finishing boiling off the excess solvent, the container with apple juice
weighs 0.003gm. The container with vinegar weighs 2.86 mg. The container
with water weighs 0.165 cg.
Was your hypothesis correct? Why or why not?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Which solvent removes salt from sand the best? How do you know?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Fill in the following chart. Use 6 SDs.
Solvent
Amount of Salt put through
Amount of salt NOT removed
filter/sand (use mg)
from sand (use mg)
Apple Juice
Vinegar
Water
Make a bar graph showing the results of your experiment.
Congratulations! You have made it to the end of the Final Exam! Please write
your memory verses.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
I <3 you!