Study Guide: Chapter 1
The Birth of Art; Africa, Europe, and the Near East in the Stone Age
Text pages 14-29
1) What is recognition?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
2) Why won't art historians declare the Makapansgat pebble as art?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
3) What two questions did the Apollo 11 cave artist have to have answered before painting? a) ______________________________________________________________________________ b) ______________________________________________________________________________
4) Why were art historians certain that statuettes like Fig 1-3 were important to those that created them?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
5) Define the following terms: a) Chronology (see Introduction for this one):
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________ b) Paleolithic:
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________ c) Twisted perspective:
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
6) Around what date are human beings thought to have intentionally created art works?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
7) What subject was most often depicted by Paleolithic artists? Why?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
8) Name two caves or caverns that contain Paleolithic paintings, and give a reason for their placement deep in the caves. What countries are they located in?

Study Guide: Chapter 1
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
9) The cavern of Pech-Merle contains a number of handprints, some of which are described as
"negative" (Fig 1-10) others as "positive". What are they thought to have meant? Where is Pech-
Merle?
__________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
10) Name two different techniques used at Lascaux to depict animals (Fig 1-11):
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
11) Historians and scholars have determined two possible interpretations of cave paintings. Name and explain them:
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
12) Define the following terms: a) Neolithic:
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________ b) Lintel:
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________ c) Megalith:
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________ d) Terracotta:

Study Guide: Chapter 1
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
13) List two important Neolithic sites in ancient Near East: a) _______________________________________ b) _______________________________________
14) Which site contained the earliest permanent stone fortifications??
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
15) Which site is best known for its wall paintings and shrines?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
16) List two subjects that were portrayed in the paintings at Catal Hoyuk. What technique was used?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
17) List three societal changes that occurred from the Paleolithic to the Neolithic period: a) _________________________________________________________________ b) _________________________________________________________________ c) _________________________________________________________________
18) List three artistic changes that occurred from the Paleolithic to the Neolithic period: a) _________________________________________________________________ b) _________________________________________________________________ c) _________________________________________________________________
19) Approximately when was Stonehenge erected and why was it erected?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
20) The first sculptures and paintings came before:___________________________________________
21) Paleolithic people and their Neolithic successors invented many of the techniques and established many of the conventions that would:
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________