Cross / Kothari
IPC
J118
Name _____________________________________________ Date _____________________ Period _____
Solubility & Solutions Notes
What are
solutions?
 A solution is a mixture of substances that appear the same throughout.
(homogeneous)
 Solutes are dissolved in solvents.
Physical or
◦
A solvent is the substance in greater amount
◦
A solute is the substance in the smaller amount.
 Solutions are physical changes
1. They can be reversed, and
Chemical?
2. No NEW substances are being made.
Types of Solutions
 Solutions can be in any of the 3 phases:
Solute
Solvent
Gas
Gas
Gas
Liquid
Liquid
Gas
Liquid
Liquid
Liquid
solid
Solid
Liquid
Solid
solid
Example
The solution
 A solute dissolves in a solvent.
process
 “like dissolves like”  the substances must be dissolvable in each other.
Dissolvable 
 The amount of a substance that can be dissolved in a solvent is called
solubility.
What is solubility
 Solubility depends on the nature of the substances both solvent and solute.
 Solubility of substances can be compared by measuring.
 Solubility is the mass of solute that can be dissolved in 100g of water under
a given set of conditions (temperature and pressure).
Solubility Rules
“Like dissolves Like”

This means, ionic compounds will dissolve other ionic compounds.

Polar substances (partially charged covalent compounds) dissolve other
polar substances.

Water
Nonpolar substances dissolve other nonpolar susbsances.
 Water is known as the Universal Solvent
 This is because it is POLAR
How to Change
Increase
Solubility
Stirring
Solid into liquid
Gas into liquid
Grinding
Heating
Pressure
How solutes effect
 All solute particles – affect the physical properties of the solvents
solvents
 Adding solutes lowers the freezing point of the solvent
 Adding solutes raises the boiling point of the solvent
Cross / Kothari
IPC
J118
Name _____________________________________________ Date _____________________ Period _____
Solubility & Solutions Notes
What are
solutions?
 A ___________________ is a _____________________ of substances that
appear the same throughout.
___________________________
 Solutes are dissolved in solvents.
Physical or
◦
A _________________ is the substance in greater amount
◦
A _________________ is the substance in the smaller amount.
 Solutions are ____________________ changes
1. They can be _________________________, and
Chemical?
2. No _______________________________are being made.
Types of Solutions
 Solutions can be in any of the 3 phases:
Solute
Solvent
Gas
Gas
Gas
Liquid
Liquid
Gas
Liquid
Liquid
Liquid
solid
Solid
Liquid
Solid
solid
Example
The solution
 A solute ______________________ a solvent.
process
 “like dissolves like”  the substances must be dissolvable in each other.
Dissolvable 
 The _______________________________________________________
___________________________ in a solvent is called solubility.
What is solubility
 Solubility ______________ the nature of the substances _______________
__________________________________________
 Solubility of substances can be compared by measuring.
 Solubility is the ______________________ that can be
_____________________ in ______________________________ under a
given set of conditions (temperature and pressure).
Solubility Rules
“Like dissolves Like”

This means, ionic compounds will _________________________________
____________________________

Polar substances (partially charged covalent compounds) _______________
_________________________________________

Water
Nonpolar substances ___________________________________________
 Water is known as the ____________________________________
 This is because it is __________________
How to Change
Increase
Solubility
Stirring
Solid into liquid
Gas into liquid
Grinding
Heating
Pressure
How solutes effect
 All solute particles – affect the ____________________________________
solvents
 ______________________________________________ point of the solvent
 ____________________________________________ point of the solvent