Bio105: C6, pp 143-163. Cell Structure & Internal Compartments.
1 actin; 2 cell; 3 cell theory; 4 cell wall; 5 cellular respiration; 6 central vacuole; 7 centriole; 8 chlorophyll;
9 chloroplast; 10 chromosome; 11 chromatin; 12 cilia; 13 cytoplasm; 14 cytoskeleton; 15 cytosol;
16 endosymbiont theory; 17 eukaryote; 18 extracellular matrix; 19 flagellum; 20 fluid mosaic model;
21 Golgi apparatus; 22 intermediate filament; 23 intermembrane space; 24 lumen; 25 lysosome;
26 microfilament; 27 microtubule; 28 mitochondrion; continued below….
1 protein monomer that polymerizes into strands (2) that twist around each other to form microfilaments
2 smallest unit that can carry on all of the processes of life
3 basic theory about the cellular nature of life
4 rigid layer outside plant’s plasma membrane, containing cellulose, proteins, & other carbohydrates
5 process by which food molecules are metabolized to yield CO2, H2O, & energy (ATP)
6 large, fluid-filled organelle storing water, enzymes, metabolic wastes, and other materials
7 two short microtubular cylinders near nuclear envelope of animal cells & important in cell division
8 green pigment that absorbs lights, capturing light energy for the cells of plants and algae
9 organelle that contains chlorophyll
10 structures in the nucleus made of DNA and protein formed when chromatin condenses
11 thin strands of less tightly coiled DNA wound around histone proteins
12 short hair-like structures, often numerous, that extend from cell surface & often aid in movement
13 region within plasma membrane that includes the fluid, cytoskeleton, & non-nuclear organelles
14 network of thin tubes & filaments crisscrossing the cytosol to make a system of support & transport
15 part of cytoplasm including fluid, molecules & small particles, but no membrane-bound organelles
16 theory that mitochondria, chloroplasts, & certain other organelles coevolved inside larger cell, giving rise to
eukaryotes
17 organisms that have membrane-bound nucleus & membrane-bound organelles
18 dense mat of biomolecules on animal cells’ exterior, allowing specific attachment to each other
19 long hair like structure that extends from the surface of cell and aids in cellular movement
20 depiction of plasma membrane as a highly mobile mixture of lipids & membrane proteins
21 system of flattened, membranous sacs for processing and packaging of proteins and lipids
22 ropelike cables of protein that provide mechanical reinforcement for cells
23 the space between 2 membranes
24 the space inside the ER membrane
25 vesicles budding from the Golgi apparatus that contain digestive enzymes
26 long threads of beadlike protein actin, linked end-to-end & wrapped around each other, which
contribute to cell movement
27 hollow tubes made of the protein tubulin that hold organelles in place, maintain cell shape, & act as
tracks
28 double-membrane bound organelle that converts energy from organic molecules to ATP
29 multicellular organism; 30 nuclear envelope; 31 nuclear pores; 32 nucleolus; 33 nucleus; 34 organ;
35 organ system; 36 organelle; 37 phospholipid bilayer; 38 photosynthesis; 39 plasma membrane; 40 plastid;
41 prokaryote; 42 ribosome; 43 rough endoplasmic reticulum; 44 smooth endoplasmic reticulum; 45 thylakoid;
46 transport vesicle; 47 tubulin; 48 tissue; 49 vacuole
29 life form of interdependent group of cells genetically identical due to developmental origin from a single cell
30 double membrane surrounding the nucleus
31 thousands of small openings in the nuclear envelope
32 denser area of the nucleus where ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is made
33 membrane-bound organelle containing cell’s DNA
34 a group of tissues that perform a particular job in an organism
35 a group of organs that accomplish related tasks
36 well-defined, subcellular structures that perform specific functions for the cell
37 double layer membrane with polar phosphate heads sandwiching nonpolar lipid tails in the middle
38 process by which plants convert solar energy into chemical bond potential energy (sugar precursors)
39 cell’s outer boundary covering a cell’s surface and acting as a barrier to the environment
40 organelles in plants containing their own DNA & surrounded by a double membrane
41 organisms that lack a membrane-bound nucleus & membrane-bound organelles
42 nonmembrane-bound organelle composed of RNA & protein that directs protein synthesis
43 system of membranous tubes & sacs on which proteins are made, modified, & moved intracellularly
44 system of membranous tubes & sacs that functions in lipid synthesis & intracellular movement
45 system of flattened, membranous sacs in chloroplasts which contain chlorophyll
46 small, spherical, membrane-enclosed sacs that move materials between cellular compartments
47 protein subunit that polymerizes to microtubules (part of the cytoskeleton)
48 a group of similar cells and their products that carry out a specific function
49 organelle containing water, nutrients, wastes, pigments, enzymes, degraded cell parts, or combinations thereof